VETERHiTAEY MEDICINE. S81 



large central plants In cities where an ample supply of good milk can not be 

 obtained at the usual price. 



The method of maliing the milk powder starters is described. 



Propag-ation of starter for butter making and cheese making, E. S. 

 Guthrie (New York Cornell Sta. Circ. 10, pp. 13-16). — This contains directions 

 for propagating starters for butter and cheese making. 



On the composition of uninspected Holland butter in the Province of 

 North Brabant in the years 1905-1910, 11. Spkinkmkyek (Ztschr. I'nlcrKUch. 

 Nafir. u. GenussmtL. 21 (1911), No. 7, pp. //Ii-//i6).— Results of the Reichert- 

 Meissl test are presented in tabular form and show that since the butter has 

 been inspected the adulteration with foreign fats has been greatly reduced. 



Development of cooperative dairying in Russia, A. A. Kalantau (Bzhcg. 

 Dept. Zcitil. IRussia], 30 (190'.)), pp. 555-573). — The first cooiierative dairying 

 in Russia was in making cheese in the late sixties. Though many persistent 

 attempts were made by the peasants to follow the methods of the Swiss cheese 

 makers, they ended in failure because of the long time required for ripening 

 and the slow monetary returns. The first cooperative creameries were started 

 in the Tobolsk Government in 1896 and have been so successful that in 1909 

 there were in Siberia 1,400 cooperative butter-making factories, most of which 

 were in the Tobolsk and Tomsk Governments. Cooperative butter making has 

 been less successful in Euroi)ean Russia because of the poverty of the peasants 

 who need a quick return in cash for their px-oducts, but outside aid has been 

 recently brought to their assistance and the number of cooi)erative factories 

 has been increasing. 



Skim-milk cheese, E. H. Hess (Penn. Dept. Agr. Bui. 200, pp. 15, pis. 10). — 

 This bulletin describes methods of making cottage. Dutch, pot. and egg cheeses 

 from skim milk. 



VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



The construction, equipment, and management of veterinary quarantine 

 and epizootic stables for cavalry troops, with investigations in regard to 

 damp foundations, their detection, and remedy, F. Ehele (Uber Ban, Ein- 

 riclttung iind Bcirieh ron Vefrrinarlazarettcn, Seuchen- und Quaranidnefitallen 

 hei den herittcncn Truppen mit Untersuchungen Uber die Mauerfeuehiiglccit, 

 ihrc Fcststelliing und Ahhilfe. Innug. Diss., Univ. Bern, 1910, pp. IG), pis. 6, 

 tables 2). — This work deals chiefly with military stable hygiene, and has par- 

 ticular reference to the construction of stalls for quarantining against such 

 diseases as erysipelas and pneumonia. It lays special stress upon the methods 

 for detecting damp foundations and the removal of the cause therefor. 



In regard to increasing the disinfecting value of phenols by the addition 

 of acids, E. Hailer (Arb. K. Gsndlitsamt., 33 (1910), No. 3, pp. 500-515).— The 

 disinfecting value of phenols and the three cresols can be increased by the addi- 

 tion of such acids as oxalic, sulphuric, acetic, citric, tartaric, and boric, and 

 as regards potency in the order stated. Where no phenols were employed, sul- 

 phuric acid was found to be a better disinfectant than oxalic, while tartaric, 

 citric, and acetic acids were about equally effective. 



The toxicity of amyl acetate, W. Saeant (Proc. Soe. Expt. Biol, and Med., 

 7 (1910), No. 5. pp. 15.'t, 155). — In the pharmacological laboratory of the Bu- 

 reau of Chemistry of this Department it was determined that " from 4 to 6 cc. 

 per kilogram of amyl acetate injected into frogs caused paralysis and coma in 

 from 15 to 30 minutes. These symptoms lasted 24 hours, with final recovery. 

 In some cases such doses proved fatal. Larger doses were invariably fatal. 

 Experiments with 2.5 cc. per kilogram administered in 2 per cent suspension 

 in water, failed to cause any symptoms. 



