338 EXPERIMENT STATION KECORD. 



Bordeaux injury was i)articularly prevalent during the season, this fact being 

 attributed to the extreme cold of April and May after a summerlike March. 

 The oi'chards situated on the thinner, poorer soils suffered extremely, both from 

 the cold and from Bordeaux injury. With orchards situated on fertile soils 

 and with varieties not especially subject to spray injury, there was less dif- 

 ference in favor of lime-sulphur, although the latter spray was superior to 

 a greater or lesser degree in all the tests. The lime-sulphur application 

 appeared to stimulate the growth as well as control the scab. In general the 

 extent of injury by Bordeaux was found to correspond to the lack of vigor of the 

 trees on which it is used. 



The results, as a whole, of the spraying work in the county showed that 117 

 orchards which have yielded an annual average total of 4,446 bu., yielded in 

 1910, 63,700 bu. 



Suggestions for spraying', W. E. Rumsey, N. J. Giddings, and A. L. Dacy 

 {West Yirginia Sta. Bui. 133, pp. 5-26, figs. 5). — The purpose of this bulletin is 

 to present a summary of data as to the best methods thus far developed by 

 scientific investigators and practical orchardists for fighting plant diseases and 

 injurious insects. It discusses the equipment needed for spraying and gives a 

 spray calendar for the control of the more common diseases and insects of the 

 apple, pear, peach, plum, cherry, grape, and potato, together with information 

 relative to the formulas and preparation of spray materials. 



Spraying peaches for the control of brown-rot, scab, and curculio, W. M. 

 Scott and A. L. Quaintance ( U. S. Dept. Agr., Fanners' Bui. 4JfO, pp. 40, figs. 

 14). — Exioeriments begun by the Bureau of Plant Industry in 1907 and sub- 

 sequently continued on a larger scale in different parts of the eastern United 

 States have established the effectiveness of the self-boiled lime-sulphur wash 

 foi the control of peach brown-rot and scab (E. S. R., 23. p. 150). Further 

 experiments conducted jointly by the Bureau of Plant Industry and the Bureau 

 of Entomology in 1909 have shown that the curculio may be controlled at the 

 same time at a small cost by adding lead arsenate to the lime-sulphur mixture 

 (E. S. R., 23, pp. 59, 150). Similar cooperative experiments and demonstrations 

 were conducted in 1910, and the results as here given further establish the 

 effectiveness of the combined self-boiled lime-sulphur lead arsenate spray. 



The brown-rot, scab, and curculio are discussed with reference to their life 

 history in relation to the peach, including observations with the plum curculio. 

 With the results of the 4 years' experiments as a basis practical information is 

 given relative to the preparation and use of the spray, including a schedule of 

 application for early, midseason, and late varieties. 



Iti addition to cooperative spraying experiments conducted by the Depart- 

 ment in Georgia and in West Virginia considerable use was made of the com- 

 bined mixture by peach orchardists in a number of eastern States, the results 

 having been uniformly satisfactory. Aside from the actual control of the 

 curculio, scab, and brown-rot, the sprayed peaches are as a rule somewhat 

 larger, much more highly colored, and firmer than unsprayed fruit. The ob- 

 servations and experiments also go to show that when used as a summer spray 

 the self-boiled lime-sulphur wash has a material effect on the control of scale 

 insects which may be present on the trees, especially the San Jose scale. This 

 effectiveness consists largely in bringing about the death of young scales. 

 Further observations are necessary to determine the extent of this benefit, but 

 it is suggested that in peach orchards regularly sprayed with the lime-sulphur 

 wash during the summer, the usual winter treatment for San Jose scale may 

 not be required so often. 



Although no material injury has resulted from 3 applications of lead arsenate 

 in combination with self-boiled lime-sulphur, only 2 applications of the com- 



