HORTICULTURE. 341 



fruits or fruits ripened after being picked too green is about 2 or 3 per cent, 

 while tliat of fruits ripened on the plants ranges from 9 to 15 per cent. There 

 is no increase in the sugar content of the fruit picked too green from the time 

 it is removed from the plant, and analysis showed no substance which could 

 be changed into sugar during the ripening process, which in fruits picked 

 green appears to consist largely in a softening of the tissues. In order to 

 obtain a good flavor in fruits, they should not be picked until they have turned 

 yellow at the base to the extent of one-fourth their length. 



The graft stocks in dry and lime soils, P. Gervais (Prog. Agr. et Vit. 

 (Ed. VEst-Centre), 32 {1911), No. 21, pp. 654-658).— In this paper, presented at 

 the International Congress of Agi-iculture, Madrid, 1911, the author points out 

 that the results of experiments, observations, and plantings in France and else- 

 where have shown the hybrids of Vinifera X Berlandieri to be the graft stocks 

 par excellence for dry and lime soils by reason of their faculties of soil adapta- 

 tion and of affinity for various kinds of grapes. 



Report on the distribution of the grape phylloxera (Phylloxera vasta- 

 trix) in Austria in 1907, 1908, and 1909, as well as on the work and 

 results secured in reestablishing' infested vineyards, together with the 

 laws, orders, and exemptions dealing with the phylloxera (Ber. Ver7)r. 

 Rcblaus Oslcrr., 1907-lUOO, pp. 313, map 1). — This report covers the various 

 grape growing centers of Austria. 



Evolution of the tea trade, J. J. MacFarlane {Tea and Coffee Trade Jour., 

 20 {1911), Xo. G, pp. Ji33-WJ, maps 3).— A statistical study of the world's tea 

 trade, with data showing the net imports and consumption per capita for the 

 principal importing countries during the period 1900 to 1910. 



Pecans, P. F. Willams (Bui. Agr. Dept. Ala., 1911, No. 4I, pp. 68, pis. 7, 

 figs. -J). — This is a revision of a previous bulletin of the same series (E. S. 

 R., 22, p. 737). The additional phases herein discussed include cultivation, 

 harvesting, marketing, and staking the ground. A number of plntes have been 

 added. 



The pecan in Alabama, P. F. Williams {Alahanm Col. Sta. Bui. 155, pp. 68, 

 l)ls. 7, figs. 4). — An edition as a station publication of the bulletin noted 

 a bove. 



Daffodils, J. Jacob {London and Edinlturgh [1911], pp. IX+115, pis. 8). — 

 A treatise on daffodil culture. The successive chapters discuss the daffodil in 

 books, history, botany and physiology, cultivation, changing bulbs from one 

 garden to another, propagation, raising new varieties by crossbreeding, ene- 

 mies, diseases, poisons, classification, Royal Horticultural Society classifica- 

 tions, lists of varieties for different purposes, daffodil shows, and a calendar 

 of operations. 



The use of acid soils for raising seedlings of the Mayflower (Epigeea 

 repens), F. V. Coville {Science, n. ser., 33 {1911), No. 853, pp. 711, 712). — The 

 development of a system of cultivating the swamp blueberry {Vaccinium 

 corymhosum) by the use of acid soils (E. S. R., 24, p. 433) suggested that a 

 similar method might succeed with the trailing arbutus because the two plants 

 have the same natural habitat and also because the arbutus has a symbiotic 

 root fungus similar to that found on blueberry roots. 



Seeds of the trailing arbutus were procured in New Hampshire in July, 

 1909, and sown in a mixture of kalmia peat, sand, and sphagnum. They ger- 

 minate in August and after successive transplantings in an acid soil consisting 

 of 9 parts kalmia peat by bulk and 1 part clean sand, the plants begin to form 

 their flowering buds in August. 1910. The larger plants more than filled a 

 5-in. pot. They were left outdoors during the winter, were brought into a 



