VETERINARY MEDICINE. 379 



known to transmit or suspected of transmitting the parasites of various diseases 

 of man and animals. 



The sources and modes of infection, C. V. Chapin (Neiv York and London, 

 1910, pp. IX+399). — ^According to tbe author, this work is intended to indicate 

 the principles which should guide sanitary practice, and to point out how labora- 

 tory work and epidemiological studies in recent years have modified certain of 

 these principles. Its chapters take up the life of disease germs outside of the 

 body, carriers, and missed cases, limitations to the value of isolation, and infec- 

 tion by contact, fomites. air, food and drink, and insects. 



Handbook of physiological methods, R. Tigerstedt (Hanh. Physiol. Metho- 

 diJc, 2 {1911), I,. AM., pp. 378, figs. iH).— This is the fourth part of the second 

 volume of this work, and contains a description of the technique and appara- 

 tus utilized in hemodynamics. The main chapters are on hemodynamical meas- 

 uring and registering instruments (3G figures) and special hemodynamic 

 methods and hemodynamic operatiorts (SI figures). 



This work will be of value to those interested in studying the physiology 

 and pathology of the blood and blood stream. 



The behavior of the fatty substances in the kidney of the dog, A. Wiss- 

 KiRCHEN (iJher das Verhaltcn dcr fettigen SuhstmKen in der Hundeniere. 

 Inaug. Diss., Univ. Bern, 1909, pp. 19, pi. 1, figs. 2). — The principal object of 

 this work was to determine whether physiological fat was present in the kid- 

 neys of normal dogs. Kidneys were examined from 22 normal healthy dogs of 

 various ages, from 21 starving and undernourished dogs, from 3 overnourished 

 and obese dogs, from 22 nephritic (catarrhal distemper) dogs, and from 42 

 dogs treated with various poisons (phosphorus, iihloridzin, strychnin, potas- 

 sium bichromate, etc.), and from 3 dogs in which the pancreas had been 

 extirpated. 



The results of the work show that the kidneys of all normal dogs contain fat 

 in the cells of the medullary rays (newborn or young animals have the fat of 

 the kidneys lodged in the basal portion of the cells of the ductus papillares). 

 In the dogs which had starved for a long period or where little fat was given 

 in the food, the fat in the medullary rays diminished partly or completely. On 

 the other hand, the kidneys of the overnourished and obese animals showed 

 fatty infiltration in the loops of Ileule and the contorted tubules. In the 

 poisoned dogs the lesions were either diffuse or focal, but in all instances the 

 initial degenerative process began in the medullary rays and in the contorted 

 tubules. 



A suggestion for a simple expression of the value of a specific serum, 

 Lentz (Ztschr. Imunitdtsf. v. Expt. Titer., II, Ref., 3 (1910), ¥o. 7, p. 797).— 

 The author suggests expressing the results of a serological test in the form of a 

 fraction. When determining the agglutination of a certain bacterial strain 

 with a definite amount of serum, the numerator represents the value found, 

 and the denominator the titer of the serum. 



In regard to the existence of a diastatic leucocyte ferment, L. Habee- 

 LANDT (PflUger's Arch. Physiol., 132 (1910), No. 1-4, pp. 175-20-i, pi. i).— The 

 results point to the view that the diastatic ferment which exists in blood serum 

 is partly of leucocytic origin. 



In regard to the splitting off of the bacteriolytic immune body, W. Spat 

 (Ztschr. Immimitdtsf. n. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 7 (1910), No. 6, pp. 712-720). — 

 The immune body bound to the cholera vibrio can be split off and can be con- 

 veyed to other fluids. These fluids then give the same reactions which were 

 previously possessed by the original serum, even after heating. The activity 

 of the extract is greatest when the sensitization of the bacteria is made with 

 an inactive serum. 



