492 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



population from 15 to 50 years is exactly the same (99/100) as that for the 

 rest of the population." 



The farm help problem, F. H. Stadtmueller {Ann. Rpt. C'otnr. Agr. Vt., 2 

 (1910), pp. lO.'i-llO). — The author defines and discusses the growth of the 

 law of division of labor, its general application, and its far reaching and 

 disastrous effects upon agriculture. 



It is held that it has degraded the all-around man productively in order to 

 admit greater economic production. Because of the nature of its work 

 agriculture prohibits the application of the law. It thereby forces the farm 

 laborer to possess a greater degree of application and a greater breadth 

 of view than is required of a laborer in almost any other industry, as agricul- 

 tural wages are not commensurate with the value of the services and in pro- 

 portion to other wage labor. This is illustrated by showing that the common 

 rate of wages in many factories is 19 cts. an hour for 9 hours' work iier day, 

 or $45.50 per month of 234 hours, while the prevailing wages of a dairy farmer 

 are 13 cts. an hour of 11 hours per day, or $39.25 per month of 302 work hours. 

 The law also has the effect of inducing labor to migrate from the farm to the 

 factory and in turn drives back to the farm the poorest elements of labor that 

 have offered themselves to the factory. 



The agricultural labor question (Ztschr. Landw. Eammer Braunschweig, 79 

 {1910), No. 27, pp. 329-331). — This article discusses the labor problem in its 

 various aspects, showing the tendency of agricultural labor to migrate to towns 

 and cities. It is pointed out that of the total number of inhabitants in Prussia 

 in 1849 71.93 per cent were living in rural districts; in 1871, 67.57 per cent; 

 in 1900, 56.93 per cent ; and in 1905, 54.77 per cent. 



The colonization of the United States, A. K. Eckeebom {Den Inre Kolon- 

 isationen i Forenta Statema. Stockholm, 1909, pp. 114).— This report, which is 

 issued by the Swedish Committee on Emigration, gives a detailed account and 

 discussion of the occupation of the agricultural land in the United States, the 

 homestead laws, and the economic status of the settlers. A bibliography on 

 the subject is appended. 



Changes in agricultural industry, Great Britain, J. L. Griffiths {Daily 

 Cons, and Trade Rpts. [U. S.], U {1911), No. 131, pp. 1025, 1026).— This report 

 discusses important changes that have occurred in the agricultural industry of 

 Great Britain within the last decade, the most conspicuous being the decrease 

 in arable land (932,110 acres) and in wheat growing (247,990 acres), and the 

 increase in orchard and small fruits (36,472 acres). 



A growing tendency for small agricultural holdings to displace the large 

 landed estates is noted, as within the last 25 years 1,795 farms of over 300 

 acres each have been broken up and at the present time but little more than 3 

 per cent of the agricultural koldmgs can be described as large farms. The num- 

 ber of small holdings of more than one acre increased from 509,808 to 510,445 

 during 1910, notwithstanding there was a reduction in the same period of 37,143 

 acres in the farmed area of the country. 



[Report on conditions of agriculture in East Flanders] {8oc. Agr. Flandre- 

 Orientale Rap. 1909, pp. LXXXII).— This report gives statistics and compre- 

 hensive observations of agricultural conditions generally in East Flanders dur- 

 ing the year 1909. 



[Report of agricultural special agents in Spain] {Bol. Agr. T^c. y Econ., 

 2 {1910), No. 22, pp. 315-S22). — This is a statistical report based on data sub- 

 mitted by agricultural engineers in the various provinces of Spain relative to 

 acreage, production, etc., of agricultural products on dry and irrigated lands. 



The economic position of Danish agriculture, C. Sonne {Tidsskr. Lando- 

 konomi, 1911, No. 2, pp. 9&-120). —Tkis is a careful and comprehensive discus- 



