HORTICULTURE. 541 



better business methods in dealing with the fruit buyers, transportation com- 

 panies, etc.; (5) enabling a community to make use of varieties of fruit that 

 for any reason might not be desirable except in small quantities; (6) better 

 equipment for handling the crop for a section; (7) insuring better care of the 

 orchards; and (S) giving greater general business stability." 



Cooperation in the ha.ndling' and marketing of fruit, G. H. Powell (U, S. 

 Dcpt. Agr. Yearbook 1910, pp. 391-406). — The author shows the wide develop- 

 ment of the cooperative fruit marketing idea in this country, points out the 

 fundamental principles of cooperation, and discusses the organization and 

 management of cooperative associations. A short account is also given of the 

 organization of the citrus-fruit industry of California. 



The existing duties on fruit as compared with, the future new tariff agree- 

 ment (Dcut. Ohstbau Ztg., 1911, No. 12-13, pp. 205-220).— This consists of a 

 review of the existing tariff on various classes of fruit shipped into Germany 

 from European and other countries, and an examination of proposed tariff 

 agreements, with special reference to their influence on the development of 

 native fruit industries in Germany. The statistics also include the German 

 imports and exports of fruit for the years 1900 to 1909, inclusive, both by 

 varieties of fruit and by exporting countries. 



Notes on soil and plant sanitation on cacaa and rubber estates, H. H. 

 Smith {London, 1911, pp. LII+632, figs. 108). — This work comprises as a 

 whole a resume of information gleaned by the author from numerous practical 

 planters, men of science, directors of agriculture, and others actually engaged 

 in planting up and developing the Tropics, relative to the treatment of the soil, 

 plant diseases, and pests. A number of tropical authorities have directly 

 contributed to the book. 



The successive chapters in part 1 discuss estate sanitation and hygiene, 

 protective belts, stump pulling, manuring cacao, hygiene in cacao planting, 

 the importance of nitrogen as a plant food, manuring cacao in Cuba, the 

 manurial requirements of rubber trees, green manuring, preparation of plant 

 foods from waste products, inoculation as a cure for pests and disease, the 

 treatment of tropical plants, fungi pests, general pests, cacao diseases and 

 pests, cacao beetle, and gi-afting cacao. Part 2 deals principally with rubber 

 and discusses rubber on the Gold Coast, tapping rubber, rubber diseases, the 

 culture and management of Castilla and Ceara rubber, wild versus cultivated 

 rubber, plowing, soil sanitation by means of disk plows, the destruction of 

 pests, cork insulation for estate buildings, rat extermination, rubber machinery, 

 vacuum drying for rubber, cacao, copra, etc., the drying of cacao, and tapping 

 knives and estate supplies. 



Camphor cultivation in the United States, S. C Hood and R. H. True ( U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Yearbook 1910, pp. 4''f9-460, pis. 3). — General consideration is given 

 to the camphor industry as a whole, present methods of manufacture, and the 

 cultivation of camphor in the United States as an ornamental. With the 

 results of cultural experiments being conducted in Florida by the Bureau of 

 Plant Industry as a basis, suggestions are given for the commercial cultiva- 

 tion of camphor trees in the form of hedges, including methods of harvesting 

 and distillation. 



Thus far the camphor industry in the United States is in an experimental 

 stage, and no definite information has been secured relative to the yields and 

 profits to be expected. At the present time it is not considered advisable to 

 plant camphor in small areas with the hope of securing profitable earnings by 

 selling the trimmings to a near-by distilling plant. 



Report of the professor of landscape gardening, H. L. Hutt (Ami. Bpt. 

 Ontario Agr. Col. and Expt. Farm, 36 {1910), pp. 149-155). — An outline of the 



