ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 56l 



per cent being seriously affected. On plats where stable manure and ferti- 

 lizers were used the yield was at the rate of 43 bu. per acre; on plats where 

 fertilizer alone was used the yield was at the rate of 9 bu. per acre ; where rye 

 alone was used the yield was 8 bu. per acre ; and when no fertilizer or rye was 

 used the yield was nothing. 



The results indicate that the wireworms prefer feeding upon rye to feeding 

 on corn, and that rye may be grown between the rows of corn as a trap crop 

 until the corn has time to develop a root system sufficient to withstand their 

 attack. It is thought that if the corn is stimulated in the early spring by the 

 application of quick-acting fertilizers or by other means the plants will have 

 developed a good root system before the worms can become destructive and a 

 greater part of the injury thereby be avoided. As regards cotton, it is said 

 that the only plat which gave a stand was the one that had been limed. 



The mango weevil, C. L. Marlatt (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. HI, 

 pp. 3, figs. 2). — This circular calls attention to the danger of introducing the 

 mango weevil into this country in mango seeds, the shipments of which now 

 arriving are largely infested with the pest. See also a previous note (E. S. R., 

 23, p. 764). 



This weevil now inhabits all of the mango-growing regions on the Indian 

 Ocean and adjacent islands and occurs throughout the East Indies, including 

 the Philippines and other groups of South Pacific islands, and has also gained 

 foothold in South Africa, Madagascar, and numerous other points. Van Dine 

 reported (E. S. R., 18, p. 355) that in Hawaii during the first year of an ex- 

 amination made for this pest 60 per cent of the mangoes were infested, and the 

 following year 80 to 90 per cent, as many as 4 larva? being found in a single 

 seed in some instances. 



The egg is deposited in the fleshy part of the fruit, and the young grub 

 burrows at once into the seed pod and develops in the seed to a pupa and 

 finally to the adult weevil. It remains in the seed for some time and can 

 therefore be readily distributed with seed for planting or with the ripened 

 fruit. The green mango soon heals up over the egg slit, and there is very little, 

 if any, exterior indication of infestation. Protected as the weevil is within 

 the seed pod, it is beyond the reach of insecticides and fumigation. The only 

 means of determining its presence is by opening the seed pod and removing 

 the paper like covering of the seed itself, when the work of the larvse and 

 weevil can be noted. 



As preventive measures against the introduction of this insect the author 

 recommends that all seeds for planting purposes be opened in this manner 

 and where found infested burned, and that apparently sound seed be germinated 

 in a box under a wire screen in order that any weevils which may occur in the 

 seeds may be destroyed. It is urged that the State of Florida use whatever 

 authority it may have to prevent or control importations of mango seeds. 



Bee diseases in Ontario (Ontario Dept. Agr. Bui. 190, 1911, pp. 11). — This is a 

 brief discussion of bee diseases, and their occurence in Ontario. 



Bee keeping in Ontario, M. Pettit {Ontario Dept. Agr. Bui. 191, 1911, 

 pp. S). — A brief tabulated report on the honey prospects for 1911 in the various 

 counties of Ontario. 



The wheat jointworm, J. S. Houser (Ohio Sta. Bui. 226, pp. 175-201, figs. 

 19). — In this bulletin, which is based on observations made in 1908. 1909, and 

 1910, the author describes and illustrates the life history and habits of, and 

 injury caused by, Isosoma tritici. This pest has been present in some sections 

 of Ohio for the last 6 years, the infestation occasionally being so severe that 

 the wheat has not been considered worth harvesting. 



