734 EXPERIMENT STATION EEOOED. 



when favorably situatefl ripened nubbins. Nearly all the corn which matured 

 was from native-grown seed of the Mexican June variety. 



Leguminous crops for Hawaii, F. G. Kbauss (Hatvaii Sta. Bui. 23, pp. 30, 

 pis. S).— This bulletin gives directions for growing alfalfa, cowpeas, jack beans, 

 pigeon peas, soy beans, and velvet beans in Hawaii. The results of experiments 

 with some of these legumes are stated. 



The author outlines methods for preventing cutworms from injuring alfalfa 

 and states that seeding should be done in the fall months on account of the 

 prevalence of cutworms. Experimental sowing with drills 12 to 24 in. apart 

 used about 5 lbs. of seed per acre and even then thinning proved advantageous. 

 Sowing with drills insures a more uniform stand, facilitates weeding, and if 

 the rows are 20 to 30 in. apart renders horse cultivation for moisture conserva- 

 tion economical. Three varieties planted 5 ft. apart completely covered the 

 intervening ground within 7 months of date of sowing and gave a green fodder 

 yield of from 3 to 3i lbs. per running foot at the first cutting and from 1 to li 

 lbs. per running foot of green fodder at subsequent harvests 30 days apart. 

 These yields are somewhat less than those securefl when rows were only half 

 as far apart but greater than resulted from broadcast seeding. Greater yields 

 per acre may apparently be obtained from row planting with proper cultiva- 

 tion and an optimum amount of water than from broadcasting with unlimited 

 irrigation, and the relative cost of production by the 2 methods will depend on 

 local conditions and the relative cost of water and labor. The irrigation 

 methods in use are described. 



Ten standard cowpea varieties and several hybrids have been tested for from 

 1 to 4 years, a spring and a fall crop being usually grown each year. Descrip- 

 tions are given in order of merit of some of the varieties, including Whippooi-- 

 will (No. 215), Iron (No. 274), Clay (No. 213) and Giant (No. 217). DoHchos 

 sesgnipedalis (No. 257), which closely resembles the cowpea, is also described. 



The author describes the habit of growth of the pigeon pea and outlines a 

 method of pruning during the first and second year's growth which results in 

 bushy, heavy-yielding plants. Two crops were harvested during the succeeding 

 12 months. The plants produced at the rate of more than 2 tons of seed per 

 acre dui-ing the first year and almost twice that amount during the second, the 

 calculation being based on rows planted 10 ft. apart. It is being used by the 

 horticultural department as shelter for young seedling citrus stock and a tem- 

 porary wind-break for certain other crops. Few insect pests attack it. 



Experimental plantings of soy beans produced from 600 to 1,000 lbs. seed 

 per acre in case of dwarf early maturing varieties and about twice as much in 

 case of medium late and medium tall varieties. The fodder yields of heavy 

 seeding ran about equal to or slightly above the seed yields. At Kualapun the 

 velvet bean matured in about Ifia days. At the station grounds experimental 

 plantings gave uniformly good yields. In a growing season of 200 days the 

 Lyon bean (No. 225) yielded at the rate of 3* tons of seed and 17 tons of green 

 forage per acre. The Florida bean (No. 226) yielded at the rate of over 6 tons 

 of seed and almost 12 tons of green matter per acre. 



An appendix reports the chemical composition and the fertilizing constituents 

 per 1,000 lbs. of fresh material for Hawaiian-grown legumes of the kinds dealt 

 with in this bulletin. 



Grass culture, T. B. Hutcheson {Tirfriiiia Sta. Bui. 193, pp. 3-23, figs. 11). — 

 Discussions of hay farming and soil fertility, hay buying in Virginia, the 

 importance of pure seed, and the germination test are followed by recom- 

 mendations of hay and pasture mixtures for various soils. 



Orchard grass and clover mixed averaged 2,460 lbs. per acre in yield of 

 hay during 1908 and 1909 as compared with 1,575 lbs. from orchard grass 



