ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 759 



experiments couducted iu order to determine the amount of heat necessary 

 to kill the important mill insects. 



In a laboratory series of experiments in which all stages of Tribolium con- 

 fusum, the larvse and pupae of the Mediterranean flour moth, and adults of the 

 rice weevil and of Tencbrioidcs mauritaniciis were used, a temperature of 

 US" for a period of 12 hours proved fatal to all. 



The mill tests were made in a 4-story building with heavy brick walls, tight 

 \\-ooden floors, and no basement, all stories being heated with steam and well 

 filled with machinery. In a test in which heat was applied for 24 hours and the 

 maximum temperature registered was 105° on the first floor, 1.33..5° on the second, 

 141° on the third, and 128.0° on the fourth, all the insects on the o upper floors, 

 including the larvte, pupte, and adults of Tribolium confusum and several other 

 common mill insects, were killed with the exception of one corner on the fourth 

 floor. Upon a second examination of the mill 3 weeks later, no live insects 

 of any sort were found above the first floor. 



Citrus fruit insects, II. J. Quaylk (California Sta. Bui. 21.'f, pp. .'fJi3-512, figs. 

 7-'i). — A summarized account of 19 of the more important insect enemies of 

 citrus fruits, their natural enemies, and means of control. Methods of fumiga- 

 tion are briefly described and the text given of the section of the state law on 

 orchard and nursery inspection. 



On some important insect pests of the Coniferae of the Himalaya with 

 notes on insects predaceous and parasitic upon them, E. P. Stebbing (Indian 

 Forest Mem., Forest ZooL Scr., 2 (10 10), No. 1, pp. 1-7, pi. 1).—In this the 

 first part of the volume, insect pests of the deodar (Ccdriis deodara) are dealt 

 Avith. Four species are described as infesting the bast layer of the main 

 stem and the larger branches of old trees, 2 as infesting the main stem of 

 saplings and poles, 3 as infesting the crown and leading shoots of saplings 

 and seedlings, 5 as infesting the twigs and buds, 2 as infesting the needles, 2 

 as infesting the cone, 3 as infesting the root, and 1 as infesting the wood. 



Oviposition among tree crickets, P. J. Paebott (Jour. Econ. Ent., 4 (1911), 

 No. 2, pp. 216-218, pi. I). — This paper deals with observations upon the egg- 

 laying habits of CEcanthus niveus, O. nigricornix, and O. qiiadripuiu-tatus. 



The author found that when ai)plos and raspberries were grown together in 

 the same cage 0. niveus invariably laid its eggs iu apples, but (hat in the absence 

 of other plants it would deposit eggs in raspberries. O. nigricornis and O. quad- 

 npunctatus always preferred raspberries, but when 0. nigricornis had no alter- 

 native it sometimes laid eggs in apple wood, usually selecting the tips of the new 

 growth. 



Economic importance of Stictocephala, H. Osborn (Jour. Ecoir,. Ent., If 

 (1911), No. 2, pp. 1 .37-1. 'fO).— The author reports that 8. festina has been found 

 to injure alfalfa in Louisiana through puncturing and sucking sap from the 

 stems. In some instances it has been observed that the punctures have been 

 made in a series surrounding some of the stems, and as a result of this attack 

 ihe plants above the point of puncture wilt and die. 



The woolly aphis, Schizoneura lanigera, H. W. Lohkenz (Jour. Econ. Ent., 

 4 (1911), No. 2, pp. 162-170, pi. 1). — Spraying experiments with kerosene emul- 

 sion are reported, together with biological notes. 



Macrosiphum destructor and M. solanifolii, Edith M. Patch (Maine Sta. 

 Bui. 190, pp. 81-92, figs. 14). — This is a discussion of the structural characters, 

 classification, and biology of M. destructor and M. solanifolii, the exact posi- 

 tion of which has not as yet been determined. On account of the uncertainty 

 as to whether or not " pisi" is a composite species in Europe as well as in 

 America, both in collections as well as in literature, the author leaves the 

 problem to European investigators to work out. In this bulletin she discusses 



