778 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



To test the relative feeding value of cotton-seed meal and linseed meal for 

 milk production 5 cows in the early stages of lactation were fed 3 periods of 28 

 days each. During the lirst and third periods the rations consisted of 10 parts 

 wheat bran, 10 parts cotton-seed meal, 5 paits corn meal, and 5 parts linseed 

 meal. During the second period the grain ration was the same except that 10 

 parts of linseed meal were given and 5 parts only of cotton-seed meal. Each 

 cow was fed 45 lbs. daily of corn silage. The results show that cotton-seetl 

 meal gave only slightly more returns than linseed meal. Notwithstanding the 

 greater cost of linseed meal the author advises the use of small quanti(i«?s on 

 account of its tonic effect. 



A ration containing one-third cotton-seed meal, supplemented with corn silage, 

 produced no ill effects when fed to cows during the month i»receding parturition 

 and to heifers i-anging from 6 to 18 months of age. Old pasteurized skim milk 

 did not affect calves, except that when badly curdled it seemed to produce 

 scours. Feeding skim milk soured with pure cultures of lactic-acid bacteria 

 proved efficacious in checking calf scours. 



Protein and total feed requirements for milcli cows (abmelkkiihe), J. Han- 

 sen (Arb. Dciit. Landiv. Gesell., 1910, No. Ill, pp. 157). — A series of coopera- 

 tive feeding esiieriments, along lines of work previously noted (E. S. R., 10, p. 

 976), with cows which are "milked off," 1. e., mature cows which are to be 

 fattened at the end of the lactation period. 



It was found that for satisfactory milk production, accompanied by a 

 gain in weight of the cows, an average ration for cows weighing about 1,000 

 kg. live weight should have a total starch value of from 14.3 to 14.4 kg., of 

 which from 2.5 to 2.7 kg. should be protein. An increase of protein usually 

 rai.sed the milk yield and decreased the gain in weight. These proportions, 

 however, must be varied to suit individual cows. 



The " killing-out " system of dairying, .J. J. W. Billingslky ( Wallaces' 

 Farmer, 35 (1910), No. 8, p. 350). — This is a discussion of the evil effects on 

 the future of dairying by the " killing-out " system, practiced in many localities. 

 This is similar to the " milking-off " system noted in the article above, dairymen 

 purchasing cows of traders when fresh and when the milk fails to pay for their 

 feed selling them for beef. By this system the cow dealer and dairyman make 

 money, but as the calves are sold to the butcher, and every cow, no matter 

 how valuable she might be as a breeder, is consigned to the shambles at a 

 comparatively young age, the system is destined to retard progress in the 

 future as compared with the breeding-up system, where the best cows are re- 

 tained as breeders for several years. 



Dairy herd records, J. H. Shepperd and W. B. Richards (North Dakota 

 ^ta. Bui. 91, pp 129-168, pis. 6).— This bulletin reports the records of the 

 college herd from 1904 to 1910. The milk records of 24 cows consisting of pure 

 bred and grade Holsteins and Jerseys, pure bred Red Polls, and 1 pure bred 

 Shorthorn are given for the whole period, but the record of milk fat produced 

 and feed consumed has been kept onlj- since 1907. 



The average amount of milk produced per cow per year for the whole period 

 was 5,265.9 lbs. During the years 1908 and 1909 the averages for the herd 

 were, milk 5,043.9 lbs., fat 206.8 lbs. at a cost of 16.1 cts. per pound, cost of 

 feed $33.86, net profit $44.76. The largest net profit was $67.90 and the smallest 

 $20.47. Tables are presented showing the records of the cows for their com- 

 plete lactation periods. A description of each cow and photogi'aphs of most 

 of them are included. 



The composition of the milk of some breeds of Indian cows and buffaloes 

 and its variations. — I, The milk of some breeds of Indian cows, A. A. Meg- 

 GiTT and H. H. Mann (Mem. Dept. Agr. In-dia, Chem. Ser., 2 (1911), No. 1, 



