VETERINAEY MEDICINE. 783 



miases Animales an S6n4gal. Paris, 1911, pp. VII +200, figs. 17). — Fart 1 of 

 this work (pp. 1-166) treats of sleeping sicliiiess and part 2 (pp. 167-198) of 

 the animal trypanosomiases occurring in Senegal. One chapter is devoted to 

 the species of Glossina found in Senegal, their geographical distribution, habits, 

 etc. The preface is by A. Laveran. 



Strongyloides infections in man and animals in the Isthmian Canal Zone, 

 S. T. Darling (Jour. Eji?pt. Med., 1// {.1911), 'No. 1, pp. 1-2-',, pis. 3).— "From 

 a study of strongyloides infections in man and animals in this region, it has 

 been determined, in confirmation of the views of Grassi, Calmette, and others, 

 that they are not causative factoi"s in the production of diarrhea. The mother 

 worm, however, burrows into the mucosa and deposits her ova there. Certain 

 tissue reactions take place and are evidenced by the cellular proliferation in 

 those portions of the intestines occupied by the nematodes. 



" In animals, there is an associated anemia, not positively attributable to 

 the strongyloides, but, on the other hand, not attributable to any other cause. 

 It is possible that Strongyloides stercoralis may cause some degree of anemia 

 in man. The amount is indeterminable in this region among hospital cases on 

 account of the associated hook-worm disease or malaria. 



. " Portals of entry for various microorganisms are made by the mother 

 worm and her larvae in the small intestine, and, while no case of general 

 bacterial infec-tion has been proved to have arisen in this way, its occurrence 

 is possible and highly probable. . . . 



" From a correlation of culture study with the results of a histological ex- 

 amination of the invaded mucosa, this explanation of the derivation of the two 

 phases is suggested. The mother worm in the intestinal tract has two kinds 

 of progeny; (a) those expelled into the crypts or lumen, and (b) those im- 

 bedded in the intestinal wall. One lot becomes larvse of either the direct or 

 indirect phase ; the other lot of the opposite phase. It appears to me that 

 the intraepithelial cell-developed larvae furnish the direct phase, while the 

 embryos expelled directly from the mother become the indirect phase larvte. . . . 



" Cold merely inhibits the development of the larvse into either the filariform 

 (direct) or into the sexually differentiated adults, and does not alter the anlage. 



" The resistant as well as the infecting form is the filariform larva, and all 

 chemical larvicides must be directed against this form. Thymol and an alka- 

 line cresol resin soap were found to be effective larvicides for the filariform 

 larvse." 



Two new strongyloides of the monkey and ant bear are described. Cultures 

 of these nematodes show a predominance of the indirect mode of development. 



Is lupus bovine tuberculosis? C. Engelbketh (Monatsh. Prakt. Dermatol., 

 50 (1910), No. 6, pp. 247-252; al)s. in CentU. Bakt. [etc.], 1. AM., Bef., 47 (1910), 

 No. 22-21,, p. 707). — Lupus in man is caused, according to this author, by the 

 bovine type of bacillus. 



Experimental infection of mammals, birds, and cold-blooded vertebrates 

 by homog-enous cultures of Koch's tubercle bacillus, F. Arloing {Compt. 

 Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 68 (1910), No. 14, pp. 701-703; ahs. in Centhl. Bakt. 

 [etc.], 1. AM., Ref., J,7 (1910), No. 22-2.'/, p. 714).— The author tested the patho- 

 genic action of the human type of tubercle bacillus cultivated deep in bouillon 

 upon various kinds of animals, and foifnd that in cultivating by such means 

 the bacillus loses much of its virulence. 



The following order of susceptibility was established for mammals, viz, 

 bovine, sheep, goat, rabbit, and dog ; for birds, the fowl and pigeon ; and for 

 cold-blooded vertebrates, the frog and fish. In the ruminants the severest 

 pathological condition was found to occur in the lungs, while in the rabbit it 

 was present in the liver and spleen. In the frog and fish the changes mani- 



