FOODS — HUMAN NUTEITION. 859 



Spirochaetes, a review of recent work with some original observations, 

 W. C. BosANQUET (Philadelphia and London, 1911, pp. 152, pi. 1, figs. 90). — 

 Section 1 of this work (pp. 11-71) deals with the general characters of spi- 

 rochetes. Section 2 (pp. 72-116) consists of systematic descriptions of the 

 species. A bibliography of 20 pages arranged by subjects, species, etc., and bib- 

 liographic and subject indexes are included in the work. 



A preliminary note on the extrusion of granules by trjrpanosomes, W. B. 

 Fry (Proc. Roy. Soc. London, So: B. S'/ (1911), No. B 368, pp. 1:), SO, fig. 1).— 

 The author has found that at times during the course of an infection certain 

 of the trypanosomes extrude from their bodies granules which are throwTi off, 

 apparently with considerable force, and then appear to possess a certain mo- 

 tility of their own in the blood. 



Spraying trees with zinc arsenite, E. E. Luther (Better Fruit, 5 (1911), 

 No. 8, pp. 65, 66). — It is stated that investigations in the Pajaro Valley. Cal., 

 have shown that zinc arsenite can be used on apples with safety, it having been 

 sprayed, as thick as heavy whitewash without the slightest injury. " On small 

 field crops, such as beans, potatoes, etc., it has given no injury, but on the 

 peach, which is sui)posed to be more hardy than the bean, the injury was 

 severe." It is readily suspended, requiring little or no agitation, has a great 

 covering power, is highly toxic for insects, and much cheaper than arsenate of 

 lead. The author states that "the equivalent of 12 cts. of arsenate of lead 

 can be purchased in this material for less than 5 cts." 



Zince arsenate, A. Desflassieux (Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. VEst-Centre). 32 

 (1911), No. 12, pp. S58, 359). — The author has found the results obtained from 

 the use of zinc arsenate as an insecticide to be similar to those from lead 

 arsenate. Among the advantages that it has over lead arsenate, mention is 

 made of its lightness, the fact that even if used in excess it does not precipitate 

 when added to copper mixtures, and the absence of the dangerous action of lead 

 salts on man, zinc having an emetic rather than toxic action. 



The formula recommended consists of arsenate of soda 200 gm. and zinc 

 sulphate 475 gm., the latter to be dissolved in 10 liters of water and added to 

 the arsenate of soda dissolved in a few liters of water. This stock solution 

 should be diluted to make 100 liters or added to a copper mixture, if desired, 

 and diluted to 100 liters. 



An index to Circulars 1 to 100 of the Bureau of Entomology, R. P. Currie 

 and A. N. Caudell (U. 8. Dept. Agr., Bvr. Ent. Circ. 100, pp. //9).— The index of 

 these circulars is preceded by a list of Circulars 1 to 100, with their revisions. 

 It is stated that this list may be considered final since the policy of issuing 

 revised editions of circulars, that is, under the original serial number, has been 

 discontinued. For circulars which have gone through one or more revisions 

 the latest edition is the one indexed. 



FOODS— HUMAN NUTRITION. 



Wheat and flour investigations (Washington Sta. Bui. 100, pp. 52, figs. 2). — 

 This bulletin consists of three parts. 



I. Analyses and tests of crops of 1908 and 1909, R. W. Thatcher, G. A. 

 Olson and W. L. Hadlock (pp. 3-24). — In continuation of earlier work (E. S. 

 R., 23, p. 467), analyses are reported of a large number of samples of Washing- 

 ton wheats. Striking differences were not noted in the samples of the crop of 

 1908 as compared with wheats previously analyzed, though, in general, the 

 moisture content was lower. In samples of the crop of 1909 this was also 

 noticeable, and variations in the relative protein content were significant. Of 



