VETERINARY MEDICINE. 887 



Margaropus decoloratus, eggs, unengorged nymphs, unengorged and engorged 

 females, and males of Amblyomnui hebrwum, unengorged females and males of 

 RhipicephaJus appendiculatus, and unengorged and engorged females and males 

 of R. evertsi, R. sirmis, and Ornithodoros moubata were placed in a bale of hay, 

 a box of sawdust, wrapped in 3 sheets of brown wrapping paper and placed 

 inside a shoe box, and in a jar wrapped in cotton wool. All were then exposed 

 for 12 hours to an atmosphere of 15 per cent Clayton gas (SO2). On March 23, 

 after several examinations, it was found that every tick had been killed. 



This and other experiments led the author to conclude that " the Clayton gas 

 (SO2) is effective in killing ticks in the holds of cattle ships, when closed tightly, 

 and is able to penetrate fairly dense substances. While, however, it is effective 

 in destroying or preventing movement of live ticks, it is not absolutely effective 

 in destroying entirely the vitality of engorged female ticks, so that an occasional 

 one may survive to lay eggs, a jwrtion of which may hatch. The system is 

 therefore effective in cleaning ships from diseases which are transmitted from 

 one stage of the ticks to the other, but where the disease can be transmitted 

 through the eggs it is not entirely effective." 



The manner in which the ox warble (Hypoderma bovis) enters the host, 

 M. StCr (11 yg. Viatule et Lait, 5 (1911), No. 7, pp. 393-391; Jour. Meat cmd 

 Milk Ilyg., 1 {1911), No. 7, pp. 397-.',00).—The author, who is veterinary in- 

 spector for the Board of Agriculture of Denmark, has reported in a previous 

 article " that penetration of the larva takes place through the oesophagus as 

 well as through the skin, and also, in the majority of cases, that the larvjB 

 which penetr;ite through the skin develop, whilst those which penetrate through 

 the oesophagus die." 



In this article he records further observations (made in the lumbar region) 

 of the entire length of canals containing the larvse, which he thinks furnish 

 proof that the canals start at the surface of the skin and that the penetration 

 of the larva; takes place thereby. 



Worra nests in Australian cattle due to Filarla (Onchocerca) g'ibsoni, 

 with notes on similar structures in camels, J. B. Cleland and T. H. Johnston 

 {Jour, and Proc. Roy. Sac. N. S. Wales, U (1910), pts. 1, pp. 156-160; 2, pp. 

 161-171). — In this paper the authors deal with the historical and pathological 

 sides of the subject. See also previous notes (E. S. R., 24, p. 785). 



On the anatomy and possible mode of transmission of Filarla (Onchocerca) 

 gibsoni, T. H. Johnston and J. B. Cleland (Jour, and Proc. Roy. >Soc., N. 8. 

 Wales, Ji-'f (.1910), pt. 2, pp. 171-189, pi. 1).—A continuation of the account 

 above noted. 



The nasal fly of sheep (CEstrus ovis) in Australia, W. W. Fboggatt (Agr. 

 Gas. N. B. Wales, 22 (1911), No. 3, pp. 223-227, pi. i).— The author states that 

 an increased number of complaints of parasitism of sheep by this fly are being 

 received. 



Hog'-cholera serum, E. A. Buknett (Nebraska Sta. Rpt. 1910, pp. XVII, 

 XVIII). — It is stated that 14,000 minimum doses of hog-cholera serum had 

 been produced, prior to the date of writing, which had been used in part on 

 8,800 hogs, averaging in weight 130 lbs., with a loss of less than 7 per cent. 

 These hogs represented 116 different outbreaks in 39 counties. It is estimated 

 that for the $5,000 invested for serum, there will have been a direct saving of 

 $75,000 in addition to the indirect saving in stopping outbreaks early and pre- 

 venting further spread. It is further stated that, based on estimated prices, 

 the cost of producing a dose of serum was about 5 per cent of the value of 

 the hog. 



The ascarid in the horse and its removal with tartar emetic, Grimme 

 (Dent. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 19 (1911), No. 16, pp. 247-2^/9; abs. in Miinchm. 

 17732°— No. 9—12 7 



