FORESTKY. 47 



firms ni-o fjivoii. In every case the catalpa seed was bought for Catalpa speci- 

 (tsti. Nine (if Ihe samples were found to be Speciosa hifjiioniokles, while a num- 

 ber of tithers were hybrids. Only ."> ( f the samides were pure Catdlpd speciosa 

 seed. 



Grafting chestnuts on oak for the reconstruction of chestnut orchards, 

 Hi.NOM {Jiid. .S'of. \(it. Afir. France, (id {I'.illC,), Xo. .',, mi. .:J'/.7-J',.S ).— Of the oaks 

 with which the author worked Qucrcux pcilunciilata seemed to be the only one 

 which he coidd reconunend as a stock for chestnuts. Tests with the American 

 red oak did not give satisfactory results. (JraftinK by the flute or whi]) method 

 is recommended, the oiieration beins jjerformed when vegetation connnences in 

 the stuck. 



On the increment and form of growth of larch trees, G. Schotte (8kogs- 

 i-drdsfdr. Tidskr.. .'/ il9(l(!). .\ o. /, pp. is~.i.i, fi(/s. .%). — Siberian larch grown in 

 -Sweden was found to have an average height, when 2 years old, of 18.7 cm. 

 (range 9-28 cm.), and European larch, 12.1 cm. (range 5-19 cm.). The former 

 were of straight growth without many branches, while the latter ramified 

 strongly even the first or second year and acquired a shrnblike hAbit of 

 growth. — F. w. woi.i.. 



Litter experiments in large pine forests, K. Bohmerle {CcDtbl. Gesam. 

 Forstir.. .l> (l!lf)i!). Xo. //, iip. l-'i5-165, fif/s. 7). — The amount of litter produced 

 and the increment growth on separate areas in forest are given for 5 year 

 periods for the 20 years from 1882 to 1903. In one case the trees were 37 

 years old at the beginning of the experiment, and in the other .57 years old. 

 In some instances the litter was removed annually and in others at the end of 5 

 years, and in still others not removed at all. When the litter was harvested 

 yearly, about four cords or :',,()0() i)ounds dry matter per acre was secured. 

 When harvested at the end of five year periods, only 51 to 53 per cent of the 

 average yearly leaf fall was secured, owing to the decay of the older matter. 

 The removal of litter had but little effect on tree growth, probably due to the 

 stinuilation from annual raking and to the deleterious effects of moss growth 

 which was greatest on the plats raked only every 5 years. The data are given 

 in extensive faliular form largely as a report of progress. 



On the drying up of pine forests in northern Sweden in the spring of 1903, 

 (}. Anderson {tikofjsrardfijr. Tidskr., S (lOOf)), No. 12, pp. .'fJi9-Jf77, figs. 7, map 

 1). — The disease manifested itself in the drying up of more or less of the new 

 tip growths, some districts being much more affected than others. The cause 

 could not be deternuned with certainty, but is thought to be due to unfavorable 

 weather conditions. A resume in (ierman is given and a map showing the 

 affected districts. 



Size of seed as related to vigor of germination and seedlings, G. Eisen- 

 MEXGER (Ostcn: Foist ii. .lagd Ztg.. 2', {I '.106), Xo. 22. pp. i.S-7, IKG. fiffs. 6). — 

 .\s the result of experiments with seed of spruce, Scotch and Austrian pine, the 

 author found that large seeds germinated quicker and reached the period of 

 iiiaxiinnm germination earlier than small seeds. The dark-colored seed of 

 spruce and Austrian pine gave a larger percentage germination than light- 

 colored seeds, while large dark-colored seed of both these trees produced much 

 larger and more vigorous seedlings than large light-colored seeds. Small light- 

 colored seeds produced the weakest seedlings of all. 



Rubber culture in the Philippine Islands, W. I. Hutchinson (Forestry and 

 I nil/., 12 ( I'.ioH). Xo. .'). pp. 2.'i0. 2-il). — An account is given of the planting of 

 I'ara, Ceara, Castilloa, and Randiong seed during the year 1905, with some 

 measurenuMits of seedlings with reference to growth. Para rubber seedlings 

 in 50 days averaged 15 in. in height. Ceara seedlings 7 months and 5 days 



