ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 61 



one which is tlio most injurious in wostorn India and which is discussed in the 

 Itresent article is Cliilo shiiiilc.r. 'i'liis species is i|uite closely n>lated to C. 

 aiiricilid, wiiicii attacks su.i^ar cane in r>en,t,Ml. 'i'lie life liistory of the sugar- 

 cane moth horer is described in detail. The moths tiy at night and hide among 

 the leaves or ruhhish during the day. Cane, maize, and sorghum are the prin- 

 cipal plants attacked by the ])est. In the cane the insect is injurious chiefly 

 during the young stage of the plant before the joints are formed. All i>arts of 

 corn are attacked, including the cob. and sorghum is injured in all its stages. 

 The eggs of the moth Imrer are jiarasilized to some extent, but artificial reme- 

 dies must be ado])ted in combating il. The species seems to be generally ilis- 

 tributed throughout India. Not all of the remedies recommended for sugar- 

 cane borers in various parts of the world are applicable to this pest. The two 

 best suited for controlling it are the destruction of young cane tops as soon as 

 it is noticed that they are infested and the use of corn and sorghum for trap 

 crops. 



The melon fly, I). L. Van Dixk (IJairaii. Forester and Afjr., 3 (IDOG), No. .'/, 

 PI), l.n-1. >',)). — FiucHx cucurhUw attacks all of the couuuon cucurbits as well as 

 string beans, tomatoes, mangoes, and [>apaya. Notes are given on the life his- 

 tory of the pest. The insect attacks the vines as well as the fruit and causes a 

 rapid decay especially in wet weather. All infested melons and vines should be 

 collected regularly during the season and burned or otherwise destroyed, and 

 no such material should be left in the field after harvesting. The insects may 

 also be prevented from doing damage to the growing cro]) by covering young 

 melons with paper, straw, or a piece of gunny sack. 



Codling moth parasites, AV. W. Froggatt {A<ir. Gaz: y. ,Sf. Wales, 11 {1906), 

 .Yo. .'/, PI). 3Hl~,i'.K't). — Attention is called to the fact that the codling moth has 

 long been known to be an important enemy of the apple and that many of its 

 parasites unist have had their present habits for hundreds of years. Detailed 

 notes ;ire given on some of the more important parasites of codling moth, 

 including 'rrU-Ji<i(iiam))ia pretiosa, Goniozus aiitipoduni, EpJiialtes carhonariiis, 

 and species of I'arisemus and Pteromalus. 



The Brazil fruit fly parasites, C. I'. Lounsbuby (Agr. Jour. Cape Good 

 Hope. 2.S' (IflOU). \(>. J. pp. .')3S-.')/iO). — The author requested Professor Henipel 

 of the Agronomic Institute of Sao I'aulo to carry on further observations regard- 

 ing the value of the fruit fly parasite found in that 4'egion. According to the 

 late.st rei)ort of Professor Ilempel. it appears that there is no hope of obtaining 

 any efhcient help in cont?'olling the fruit fly by the use of this parasite. 



The grape curculio, F. E. P.rooks (West ] irf/iiiia Sta. Bui. 100, pp. 211-2'i9, 

 pis. S'). — Two insects (|uite connnonly feed on the fruit of the grape in \Vest 

 Virginia. These :\vv the grape-licrry iiuitli and the grape curculio (Crapouins 

 i)i(i(/u(ilis). The grai)e curculio has received little attention from entomologists 

 and was, therefore, made the subject of a continued study by the author for a 

 long jH'riod. .V circular letter of incpiiry sent out to various vineyardists 

 elicited the information that the gi-.ipc curculio is (piite widely distributed 

 throughout the State and does consi(lt'ral)le injury. The curculio is a native 

 insect and appears to have fed on wild grapes for centuries. The grape curculio 

 IS described in its various stages and notes are given on its life liistory. The 

 eggs are laid in i)unctures made in the fruit and hatch within 4. to ('> days, after 

 which the larva feeds upon the fruit, leaving it later for pupation. The pupa 

 may be found in various locations, especially just under the surface of the 

 ground. 



This insect apitears to feed only on the grape. It winters over in the adult 

 form and the hibernated beetles appear during the la.st of May. Apparently 

 there is no connection between the injury from this insect and gra])e rot. Some 



