254 EXPEKIMENT STATION KECOBD. 



trees may be sprayed 4 times with the power sprayer at the cost of 8 cts. per 

 tree, and with the result of saving 90 per cent of the fruits, while 85 per cent 

 of the crop was free from codling moths after two applications. 



The gypsy and brown-tail moths and their European parasites, L. O. 

 Howard (f*. ,S'. Dept. Agr. Yearhook 1903, pp. 123-13S, pis. 2, fi(/s. 6).— The his- 

 tory of these two pests in the United States is briefly outlined with notes on the 

 appearance and habits of both insects, the artificial remedies commonly used 

 against them, and American parasites which have been thus far found attacking 

 them. The author has succeeded in interesting a number of European ento- 

 mologists in the work of collecting and shipping parasitized specimens of these 

 insects to Boston, where it is hoped parasites will be reared to assist in con- 

 trolling the pests. 



A test of different sprays for the San Jose scale, W. E. Rumsey and 

 F. E. Bkooks {West Virginia 8ta. Bui. 107, pp. 347-354). — A report is made on 

 the results obtained from the use of 4 brands of proprietary insecticides in 

 controlling the San Jose scale. 



The conclusion is reached that preparations of concentrated soluble oil are 

 the most convenient materials to use in destroying scale insects. They are not 

 only effective, but are easily handled and do not injure the spray pumps, harness, 

 horses, nor the face and hands of the workman. 



Directions for checking the cottony scale and the report of State nursery 

 inspection, C. Bues (Wisconsin Hta. Rpt. 1905, pp. 315-329. figs. 5). — The 

 cottony maple scale is most easily dislodged from the trees in \yisconsin during 

 the month of June. It is found possible to wash them off the trees by means of 

 a forcible spray of water, and for this purpose the fire department allowed the 

 use of some of its apparatus. Good results are also obtained by spraying in 

 summer with kerosene eumlsion and with a strong emulsion in early fall. The 

 work of spraying may be made simpler by suitable pruning of the trees. 



A brief statement is given on the condition of nurseries in Wisconsin, and on 

 the present status of San Jose scale, imported willow weevil, apple leaf hopper, 

 strawberry root louse, apple canker, and other insects and fungus diseases. 



The peach-tree borer, H. N. Starnes {Georgia Sta. Bui. 73, pp. 1^5-190, figs. 

 12). — The borer is not the most important enemy of peaches in Georgia, but in 

 the author's opinion stands about fourth among the pests of this tree. The in- 

 sect is described in its various stages, and notes are given on its life history as 

 shown by numerous observations made in Georgia and elsewhere. 



The methods recommended for the control of the peach borer include wrapping 

 the base of the trees with brown paper or newspaper, mounding the trees with 

 earth, removing the larv;ie with steel instruments, and the use of caustic sub- 

 stances for destroying the larvae. In a series of laboratory experiments it was 

 found that many of the borers were prevented from emerging when buried in 

 the soil to the depth of 3 inches or more. This suggests the possible value of 

 deep plowing just before the borers are ready to emerge from the soil. 



The principal insect enemies of the peach, A. L. Quaintance ([/. 8. Dept. 

 Agr. Yearbook 1905, pp. 325-348, pis. 7, figs. 7). — About 190 insect enemies of 

 the peach are known to be of more or less importance. Biological and economic 

 notes ai'e given on many of the most serious insects included in this number, the 

 chief among which are plum curculio, peach borer, San Jose scale, West Indian 

 peach scale, black peach aphis, peach twig-borer, fruit tree bai'k-beetle. and 

 nematode root-gall. 



Some insects injurious to forests. The western pine-destroying bark- 

 beetle, J. L. Webb {V. 8. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 58, pt. 2, pp. 11-30, pis. 2. 

 figs. 6). — According to the observations of several members of the Bureau of 

 Entomology, the western pine-destroying bark beetle {Dendroctonus hrevicomis) 



