HORTICULTURE. 837 



};i-()\vii ill tli(> lioiiic ii.'irdcii. Directions iirc ;ilsu .^'ivcii for laying <iu( niid jilniit- 

 iiiK orchards. 



The drying up of orange trees as the result of autumn siroccos, F. BouF 

 and P. Genet iHul. Snc Hart. 'I'liiiisic. .', (lUiii;). A ox. is. jij,, id-.n. (h/ins. .', ; 

 19, pp. 52--')8, (liiDis. .'/). — 'Pile autliors made a >tud.v of wliy the dryiiii,' wind of 

 llio fall sirocc') is so iiiiicli more iii.jiirious to citrus fruits tliaii earlier in 11i(> 

 season. Anatomical stndies were made of the leaves of a iiumher of cilrns 

 fruits sncli as tiic (U-aiit^e. citron, mandarin, pomelo, sour orange. <'fc. 



(lenorally it was found that the resistance to the dryiiij; wind was j,'reater 

 in yoiim: leaves ilian in old Iea\-es. Hence, in the sprinji and simnnei', when 

 the circulation of sap is most rapid, these winds are less iiijurioiis than later 

 when the leaves become older and sap circulation is much slower. In order to 

 avoid llie injurious eflecls ( f the drying,' winds so far as ]iossilile it is sug- 

 .iiestcd tlial llie li'ees he ]iruneil in summer lime. This will c;nise ih>w shoots 

 to i)usli out. Iiearini; fresh ycuin.L; lea\-es, which will he more resistant at the 

 iim(> of the autuinn sirocco. Tins iiniiiini; must he done with considei'alile 

 (^iscri'tion, of course, as the removal of au.\' Lu'ire parts of the leaves would seri- 

 ously injure the maturinj; of the fruit. 



It was .also found that when the cultivated oranges are grafted on sour orange 

 stock the s.np circulation was not as free as when other stocks were used. 

 Hence stock.s other than soiu* orange are urged. 



Oil palm culture, L. Strunk (Tropciipfianzer, JO (1006), No. 10, pp. 637- 

 6"./2). — I'bysical analyses are given of the fruit of a number of varieties of oil 

 lialm grown in Kameriui and also of the fruit produced on seedling trees 

 from iirodnctive mothers. With the better varieties of oil palms the propor- 

 tion of kernel to shell was usually greater than 1:2, while in the varieties 

 usually grown the relation of kernel to shell varied from 1 : .3 to 1:4. Seed- 

 lings grown from productive oil-bearing mothers did not uniformly inherit the 

 tendency to oil productiveness. Seed from the seedlings, however, which werc^ 

 rich in oil is to be planted to see if a strain rich in oil can not be secured 

 v.hicb will come true to seed. 



Mulberries, II. II. Hume and F. C. Reimer (North Carolina Sia. Bid li).), pp. 

 S9-5D, fujs. 11). — This Imlletin gives iHipula:- directions for the propagation, 

 planting, cultivation, .•lud pruning of mulberries, with descri])tions of 1.") of the 

 more imjiortant varieties. 



One of the characteristics claimed for the mulberry is that the fruit rijicns 

 over a period of several months. The tree is a rapid grower and the abun- 

 dance of fruit jiroduced makes it specially useful for planting around stables 

 and chicken and stock .yards. As the fruit is greatly relished by birds a few 

 mulberry trees planted in the orchard serves as a protection to other more 

 valuable fruits. 



Canning pineapples (ilex/ liidiiin liiil.. 7 U!>0(!), No. 2, pp. 17S-1S5). — - 

 Statistics are given showing the exports of fresh and canned pineapples from 

 tlu' Bahamas, with an account of the metliods of canning pineapples followed 

 in Hawaii, the P.;iliamas, .laniaica, and the Straits and Federated Malay States. 



Viticulture in New Zealand, R. Bragato (Nrii-; Zrnl. Drpt. Apr.. Mt. Div.. 

 V.tiKi. pp. GO. fii/s. .3.i). — This is :i handbook for the use of viticulturists in New 

 Zealand, giving detailed directions for tlii' culture of grapes. 



Green manuring in tea culture in India, II. II. .Manx .ind (". .M. Hutch- 

 inson (linlioii Tea Assoc. \ /'ainiilild \ i, Hiot;. pp. J. J, />/x. 10). — The value of 

 a large number of ]ilants .as green manure for t'a i:i India is discussed at 

 length .ind the results given of expi'riments made t ) determine the green manur- 

 ing value of a few of the more prominent ones. 



