878 EXPERIMENT STATION KECOED. 



Retrogressive infection in the development of tuberculosis, A. Krein- 

 BERG (Ztschr. Pleisch u. MUchhijy., 16 (PJOU), \o. 10, pp. 322, 323).— On ac- 

 count of the great importance of tuberculosis in meat inspection, the author 

 made a study of the course which infection talies in different animals during the 

 progress of the disease. It is found tbat in some cases infection spreads 

 not altogether in the direction of the currents of blood and lymph. Occasionally 

 the lympb stream appears to become checked and to be turned in a backwax'd 

 direction so that infection sometimes appears in parts of the body where it 

 would not naturally be expected. 



Immobility caused by cerebral tuberculosis in cattle, C. Besnoit {Rev. 

 Vet. [Toulouse], 31 {1006), Xo. 9. pp. ■J77-'>S.~}. fi;/. 1). — Brief mention is made 

 of the peculiar symptoms, including inability to move, which appear in 

 cases of cerebral tuberculosis in horses and cattle. In cattle this form of 

 tuberculosis is considered l)y the author as being quite frequent and details 

 are given concerning the post-mortem lesions found in one case. 



Tuberculosis in the bee moth, S. Metalnikoff {Centhl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 Aht., Oriy., .)i {1906), Nos. 1, pp. 5/f-60; g, pp. 188-195, pis. 2).— On account 

 of the fact that the bee moth lives lai'gely on wax in bee colonies, it is obvious 

 that it possesses a ferment capable of dissolving or digesting this wax. The 

 author was, therefore, led to study the action of this ferment upon tbe wax 

 capsules of tubercle bacilli. It was found that the bee moth is quite immune 

 to tubercle bacilli obtained from man, cattle, or birds. This immunity is due 

 to the very rapid destruction of the tubercle bacilli by means of phagocytes and 

 inside of special capsules formed in tbe blood or lympb. Even after injection 

 with relatively enormous doses of tubercle bacilli tbe organism of the bee 

 moth seems to suffer no harm and all of the bacilli are found inside of 

 phagocytes or other cells within 1 hour. The bee moth, however, appears 

 not to be able to destroy tubercle bacilli obtained from fish. After inoculation 

 with these organisms a pronounced phagocytosis takes place, but the phagocytes 

 do not overcome the bacilli and the moth finally dies. 



Immunity toward tuberculosis, S. Metalnikoff {Centltl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 Am., Orlg., J/l {1906), No. 3, pp. 391-396).— Blood and extracts of various 

 kinds from bee mollis were used in treating guinea pigs to determine the 

 effect of such treatment upon the course of infection with tuberculosis. It 

 was found that the blood and body extracts of bee moths were capable of 

 greatly prolonging the life of guinea pigs infected with tubercle bacilli. It 

 was also found that the blood of the bee moth had the power of destroying 

 tubercle bacilli in vitio. 



Combating tuberculosis by means of special offices of information, J. 

 HoGiLD {Maanedskr. Dyrlagcr, 18 {1906), No. 2-3, pp. 114-128).— The mere 

 use of tuberculin for determining the presence of tuberculosis in a herd of 

 cattle is not a satisfactory means of controlling the disease unless further 

 regulations are adopted in order to make the information gained by the use 

 of tuberculin more immediately effective. 



The author recommends that special oflices be created for reporting cases 

 of tuberculosis in cattle and giving information concerning tbe procedure with 

 this disease. It is ilso recommended that the importation of animals into 

 reacting herds of cattle shall not take place until after a sufficient time has 

 elapsed to make sure that the nonreacting cattle are healthy. A plan is pro- 

 posed for the use of tags for marking healthy and tuberculous cattle so that no 

 mistake can be made. It is also urged that the repeated use of tuberculin in 

 attempts to immunize cattle be prohibited. 



The tuberculin test of hogs and some methods of their infection with 



