VETERITSTARY MEDICINE. 385 



sionally it may run a chronic course oxtendiiiK over 1 to 3 weeks. Horses 

 affectetl with this disease become emaciated and anemic. The blood appears 

 to be paler than usual and does not readily coagulate. The liver is greatly 

 enlarged, hyperemic, and softened. The chief lesions in the spinal cord are 

 seen in the pia mater. No satisfactory treatment has been devised, but the 

 disease may be prevented from spreading by the use of strict quarantine 

 measures. 



Negri's corpuscles and infection with rabies, A. Bongiovanni {Centhl. 

 Baki. [ctc.^, /. .U>t., Orig.. J,l {lOllG), .\o. S. pp. .9.'/.J-,7.T,i).— In the author's 

 experiments with laboratory animals, chiefly rabbits, he was quite unable to 

 find Negri's corpuscles in any part of the nervous system of any animal after 

 infection with rabies, either from laboratory or street virus. It would appear, 

 therefore, that complete reliance can not be placed on Negri's corpuscles in the 

 diagnosis of this disease. 



The cause of roup, R. Muller {Centhl. BaJct. (etc.), 1. AM.. Orig., Jfl 

 (Ifxny), -Yo.s'. -'/. ni). J,23-Jf26; .5, pp. 515-523; 6, pp. 621-628).— The author made 

 a bacteriological study of several cases of roup in fowls. A bacillus was found 

 that grows readily on blood-agar and which appears to be closely related to the 

 bacillus of human diphtheria. Notes are given on the behavior of this bacillus 

 when cultivated on different kinds of nutrient medium. 



By means of inoculation experiments the author found it possible to produce 

 roup artificially in laboratory animals, with symptoms essentially the same as 

 are observed in spontaneous cases of 'the disease. The bacillus of roup appears 

 not to form a toxin. It may be destroyed by subjection to a temperature of 

 58° C. for one-half hour. The bacilli, however, are quite resistant to ordinary 

 disinfectants, and a thorough use of such materials is required in order to 

 eradicate an infection with this disease. 



Spirillosis of fowls, LEVAmxi and Manouelian (An». I)ist. Pasteur, 20 

 (1906). Xo. 7. pp. 593-600). — A detailed study was made of the pathological 

 histology of spirillosis as produced in fowls by Spirillum gallinoruni. 



It appears from this study that the septicemia caused by the organism in 

 question is not due entirely to the multiplication of micro-organisms in the 

 blood, but that the parasite infests a number of glandular tissues, including the 

 liver and spleen. In the presence of Treponema pallidum the micro-organism 

 appears not to penetrate into the protoplasm of the cells. The spirillum which 

 causes the disease in question is capable of entering and infecting the eggs in 

 the ovary. A favorable turn of the disease at the crisis is due to the destruc- 

 tion of the spirillum by the large leucocytes of the spleen and liver. 



Do the bacteria of fowl cholera occur in the intestines of healthy geese? 

 II. OsTERTAG and I'. AcKERMANN (Ztsclir. Iiifehfioiishraiik. u. Ilitg. Ilaustirre, 

 1 (1906), No. 6, pp. JfSl-Ul, fiff- !)■ — It is sometimes believed that fowl cholera 

 may break out as the result of hardships suffered by the fowls and that there- 

 fore the organism of the disease must have been present in the alimentary tract 

 during apparent health. This matter was investigated by the authors with the 

 result that the bacteria of fowl cholera were not found in the intestines of 

 healthy geese or fowls. The disease did not develop in birds which were kept 

 in cages for 5 or 6 days under unfavorable conditions and without food or 

 water. 



The incubation period of the disease and the length of the course of fowl 

 cholera varies considei-ably. (Jeese may die as the result of eating one meal 

 containing fowl cholera bacilli, and death may take place in from 2 to 10 days. 

 The incubation period in geese is usually 1 to 2 days and in chickens 4 to 9 

 days. 



