394 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



winter sowings are regarded as factors in lowering the yield of wheat. " Not- 

 withstanding the exceptional fertility of the black soil which covers nearly 

 the whole of the Russian wheat belt, the yield of wheat in Russia is found 

 to be invariably smaller than in any country, with the possible exception of 

 Argentina. . . . On the whole a spring yield of 8i bu. per acre and a winter 

 yield of Hi bu. seem to be normal for the Russian Empire, with a grand 

 average of a little over 9 bu." 



From a commercial standpoint wheat is not regarded as low in cost of pro- 

 duction under Russian conditions, the cost of raising winter wheat ranging 

 from 46.5 to GG.G cts. per bushel. " Excluding I'oland, the average cost in 

 Euroj)ean Russia proper varies between 4G and .54 cts. a bushel." The cost of 

 spring wheat varies between 40 and 53 cts. per bushel. 



In the opinion of the author the future development of the wheat-growing 

 industry in Russia will depend upon the improvement of the economic and 

 social conditions of the people by increasing the allotments of laud to peasants, 

 by better educational systems, and particularly by overcoming the greatest 

 obstacle of all — the extreme poverty of the peasant. 



[The sugar industry in Brazil] (Inteniat. Sugar Corn. [London], Proc. 

 iSpruig Sess., 1906, pp. 36). — This publication mainly consists of reports by 

 several Belgian consuls residing at different places in Brazil and by the British 

 vice-consul located at Rio de Janeiro which give statistics regarding the cost 

 of production, quantity, and prices of grades of sugar, freight rates, export 

 and import duties, etc. General information relating to methods of manufac- 

 ture, shipping, and marketing sugar, as well as the part the Brazilian gov- 

 ernment has played in promoting the sugar industry, is included. 



Season and crop report for the Province of Bengal for the year 1905-6 

 {Dept. Agr. Bengal, Season and Crop Rpt., 1905-6, pp. 25). — Data are presented 

 on the character of the seasons ; area cultivated, cropped, and irrigated ; pro- 

 duction per acre and total production ; prices, trade, and stock of food grains 

 and other products ; number of live stock and implements ; and condition of the 

 agricultural population. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Eighteenth Annual Report of Maryland Station, 1905 (Maryland Sta. 

 Rpt. 1905, pp. XX-]-2.ffO). — The report proper contains the organization list, a 

 report on the work and expenditui-es of the station during the year, and a finan- 

 cial statement for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1905. Reprints of Bulletins 

 94-103 of the station previously al>stracte(l are appended. 



Nineteenth Annual Report of Maryland Station, 1906 (Mar gland Sta. 

 Rpt. 1906, pp. XII -j- 126). — This contains a report on the work and expendi- 

 tures of the station by the director, a financial statement for the fiscal year 

 ended June 30, 190G. and reprints of Bulletins Xos. 104-109 of the station iirevi- 

 ously noted. 



Agriculture in other lands with special reference to dairying, J. A. Kin- 

 SELLA (Wellington: AY(r Zeal. Dept. Agr., 1906, pp. 90, pis. 30). — Obsei'vations 

 made by the author in Great Britain, Denmark, Canada, South Africa, and 

 Argentina are reported. 



Farm science (Chicago: Internatio)ia] Harvester Co., 1906. pp. 128, figs. 

 60).- — This contains practical discussions of the following subjects: Alfalfa cul- 

 ture in America, by J. E. Wing; modern corn culture, by P. G. Holden ; best 

 methods in seeding, by W. F. Brown; small grain growing, by W. M. Hays; 

 profitable hay making, by T. Shaw; up-to-date dairying, by C. D. Smith; in- 

 creasing fertility, by C. G. Hopkins; and power on the farm, by F. R. Crane. 



