638 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD, 



and preservinj;; by heatinjc;, with an account of varieties best suited for the 

 different pui'poses. The bulletin is based on earlier publications of the 

 station (E. S. R., 14, p. 441). 



Growing oranges forty years, PI. M. Stringfellow {Texas Farm and Ranch. 

 25 (1906). No. 51. p. 11). — The author has grown oranges in southern Texas 

 since 186.5, and in this article gives the results of his experience during the 

 time. Generally speaking, the results have been unfavorable, as about the 

 time the trees were coming into bearing they were killed by exceptionally cold 

 winters. The dates of these various killing winters are recorded in some 

 detail. 



Date palm, F. Fletcher (Dcpt. Land Rec. and Af/r. lionihai/. Bui. 28. pp. 

 11). — The object of this publication is to encourage the culture of the date 

 palm In India. 



Detailed discussion is given of the conditions necessary for the culture of the 

 date palm, with an account of the attempts that have been made in India to 

 improve and extend its culture, including the present aspect of the situation. 

 Besides a discussion of all the usual cultural details, tabular data are given for 

 a large number of well-known varieties as regards production, name of variety, 

 time of ripening, soil required, principal markets, etc. 



Mangoes, .1. B. Beach {Fhi. Ac/r.. 33 (1906). Xo. J,l. p. 7.03).— The author 

 gives his experience extending over a number of years in grafting and budding 

 mangoes. Contrary to the results secured by Oliver, who prefers budding 

 (E. S. R., 16, p. 3(")5), he has found inarching with pot-grown trees the only 

 practical method of propagating nursery stock. 



California crop statistics 1905-6 (Cal. Fruit Grotvcr. 3.', (1906). No. 963. 

 p. 5). — The almond yield for the year 1905-6 is placed at 2,100 tons, beet-sugar 

 output (;4,21<) tons, brandy production 4,070.902 gal., canned fruit and vegetable 

 pack 4,475,751 cases, citrus fruit shipments 27,610 cars, cui'ed fruit and raisin 

 output 120,700 tons, honey yield 10,000,000 lbs., hop crop 78.000 bales, prune 

 output 62..500,000 lbs., raisin yield 90,000.000 lbs., vegetable shipments 67.900 

 tons, walnut yield 6,400 tons, and wine production 26,502,.S10 gal. The entire 

 issue of the Fruit Groircr is devoted to a review of the production of different 

 crops in California and. in some cases, elsewhere during the year 1905-6. 



Cocoanuts, P. Hubert (Le Cocotier. Pari.<i: II. Dunod and E. Pinat, 1906. 

 pp. XIII-\-133, fiys. 39). — A popular treatise on the establishment of cocoanut 

 groves, cocoanut culture, and the production of copra, cocoanut oil. dried 

 cocoanut. fiber, etc., with descriptions of the various forms of machinery used 

 in preparing different cocoanut products for market. 



The cacao plantation in French Congo, C. Chalot and M. Luc (Le Cacaoijcr 

 au Congo Franrais. Paris: Bibliotlicque DWgricuUure Goloniale. 1906, pp. 

 59, figs. 35, map 1). — A discussion of the commercial importance of cacao to 

 the French colonies, and an account of its culture in French Congo. 



The importance of shade trees in cacao culture, C. J. .J. van Hall (/«- 

 spectie Landb. Wcst-Indii'. Bui. 7, pp. 20). — An extended account, based on the 

 results of observation and experiments, is given of the imjwrtance of shade 

 in cacao culture. 



The value of shade is attriltuted to a number of factors, the more important 

 of which are the keeping of the ground cool, the i)reservation of the soil 

 moisture, better ])hysical condition of the soil brought .about by the decaying 

 leaves and the growing roots of the trees, and llie gi-e.-iter fixation of nitrogen 

 in the soil. The shade trees are also of value as a windbreak. 



The general conclusion is drawn that cacao ti"ees will flourish in full sun- 

 light and give increased yields, but in that case all of the benefits which arise 



