ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 655 



trees nnd iilso n luinibcr of other rcL-ilcd insect pests jiood resiilts wei'e h.Mcl from 

 the use of a iiiixlure coiitMiiiiiii^ U Ilis. of caustic soda, o..") lbs. soft soai). and ."> 

 I)ts. (jf l<erosene in KJ .ijal. of water. 



Tobacco as an insecticide, J. U. I.nd.v (Coin. I'm: .\<ir. \Mr.iic<>\. ('in: '/J. /*/). 

 -), fi(/. 1). — The f^eneral insectici(h> value of tobacco is discussed, with nientio,i 

 of specific instances in wliicli it is i)articularl.v a(hipted for use. 



An apparatus for testing the value of fumigating agents, \. \. Kkxd.m.i. 

 ( I{iitlo(/ic(tl Slitilics 1)1/ the I'liiiil.s of Willidjii Tlioiii psoii Scdi/irich: liostoii: 

 ■J line I'.Kiii. pp. .!l.i-.!.!i). fi(/s. .7). — A detailed description is i^iven of an api)aratus 

 fur testing' the elliciency of various fumii^atinj; substances in the destruction of 

 mosquitoes and other household Insects. The author reaches the conclusion that 

 the results obtained from a j;iven amount of fumi^atinj; sul)stances ])er unit 

 of space in a small box may l)e safely applied to larj^e rooms, since in his ex])cri- 

 ence the effect of fumiiiatin.i; substances is more i)ronounced in larirc spaces 

 than in small laboratory apparatus. It also became apparent durinji: the au- 

 thor's investi.uation that the more rapidly the fumii^atin;,' sultstances were vola- 

 tilised or set free the more etlicient their action. 



White ants, J. Desneux (Iiifornic .\ii. Estuc. Cent. Agroii. Viiha, 1 {lD()'i-.'>), 

 pp. 3!l.l~'i(n. pi. /„ //(/.S-. !)). — The difterent forms of individuals observed in col- 

 onies of wliile ants are described and notes are j^iven on the nest buildini; of 

 tliese inst'cts. 



On the life history of Stomoxys calcitrans, K. Newsteau (Join: lUoii. liioL, 

 1 (flKii;), \o. 'i. pp. JM-lii'i. pi. /).-^While the favorite habitat of lliis liy is 

 found in Itarnyards and stables, the author failed to find a larval condition in 

 the manure in such locations as was naturally to be expected. After consider- 

 able search, however, the larvse were found in decaying grass cuttings which had 

 been i)iled up around cucumber beds. The inspect is described in its various 

 stages and brief notes are given on its habits. The author estimates the time 

 reipiired for a complete cycle from one generation to another at from 42 to 78 

 days. 



Some Scottish Ixodidae (ticks), W. Evans (Ann. aScoI. XiiI. Ilixl.. I'.xn. Xo. 

 01, pp. J'i--i1). — r.rief mention is made of the appearance and habits of Lroilcs 

 riclnufi, 1. Iir.iin/oniis: I. putiix. etc. 



Improvement of honeybees, F. Benton (Ann. Rpt. Peiin. Dept. Af/i:. 11 

 (lHOo). pp. 10-5-112). — The author describes brietly the chief characteristics of 

 the connuon races of bees with particular refereni-e to their relative merits and 

 demerits. Advice is also given regarding the selection of queens for breeding 

 Itui-]ioses. 



Swarming of bees, II. von lirTTEL-HEEPEN (Zlsdn: W'iss. I nscktciihiol.. .i 

 (l!>()tl), .\<i. II. pp. ,i.'i9-S(Jl). — A controversial article dealing with the cause of 

 swarming in bees. 



Foul brood and other diseases of bees, X. E. France (Ann. I'pl. Pcnn. Dept. 

 Ai/t:, 11 (IDOo), pp. 6!) 1-60'/, pis. ,i). — This disease is most freijuently trans- 

 mitted to uninfested localities by selling infected bees, combs or bee sui)i)lies, 

 by shii)ping queens from infected ajjiaries or through the agency of robber 

 bees. The symptoms of the disease are briefly descril)ed and a suitable treat- 

 ment is outlined. 



The laws in force against injurious insects and foul brood in the United 

 States, L. O. Howard and A. F. Buroess {( . S. Dept. Ai/i:. Bin: Ent. Bui. 61, 

 pp. .i.U). — This bulletin contains coiiies of the laws in force in various States 

 for tlie control of injurious insects and foul l>rood. The laws are arranged 

 alphabetically according to .States and contain refcifnccs in relation to plant 



