786 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



necessary ( weatherboards ). wliich cost $1S. With farm hil)or at $1.75 per 

 clay, the total cost of the silo, not including old material made use of, was 

 $360 or $9.42 per cu. yd.. 



RTJEAL ECONOMICS. 



The relations of rents, wages, and profits in agriculture, and their bear- 

 ing on rural depopulation, .J. S. Nicholson (London: Siraii, Soniienscheiii d 

 Co.. 1906. lip. lid: rcr. in .lour. Roy. Statis. >Soc.. 60 {1906), \o. ',, pp. 16,3-765). — 

 This is a series o{ lectures delivered at Cambridge University on the history 

 and economics of agriculture. 



The history of agriculture is traced from the mediieval period to the present 

 time, and the economics of agricultin-al rent, wages, and profits are compared. 

 As a result of these studies the author maintains that modern rents in money 

 terms are not as onerous as when tenant-farmers paid rent in labor and in prod- 

 uce ; that a steady augmentation lins occurred in the [)rice of farm labor, 

 while otherwise the agricultural industry is depressed; and that there has been 

 no wholesale depopulation of the rural districts of England. "The relative 

 increase of the urban population is shown to be world-wide and due to far- 

 reaching economic causes, and not to any peculiarities of land tenure or systems 

 of cultivation or proiu'rty." 



The return to the land, .J. Meline (London: Chapnian d- Hall. 1906; rev. in 

 Jour. Roy. Stalls. Soc. 69 (1906), No. //, /</>. 765-168). — This is a description 

 of the relations of industry and agriculture in France, with a plea for the 

 promotion and imijrovement of agriculture as a relief from the overcrowding 

 of French cities and the internecine struggle of nations for industrial supremacy. 



To encourage the repopulation of rural districts, the .-lutlior suggests among 

 other means greater facilities in securing agricultural credit, a larger extension 

 of cooperative methods, governmental relief from oppressive taxation on agri- 

 cultural lands, better rural education, the enactment of a homestead law, and 

 other measures. 



Report of the Agricultural Organization Society for the 18 months ended 

 June 30, 1906, li. A. Yerbukgii and J. X. IIarkts ( /»'p/. A(/r. Organ. Hoc. 

 \ London], 1906, pp. 127, figs. 12, map 1). — This report reviews the progress of 

 the agricultural cooperative movement in England and Wales from its origin in 

 April. 1901, to June, 1906, and gives a review of the work of the Agricultural 

 Organization Society for the 18 months ended June 30, 1906. 



The organization had at the latter date 184 affiliated societies in 41 counties, 

 and at the close of the year 1905 reported 7,439 members and a business of 

 £221,524 for that year. 



The work of the societies embraces the purchase of agricultural supplies, 

 cooperative ownership of machinery, cooperative sale of produce, experiment 

 plats, improvement of live stock, agricultural credit, motor service, and the 

 regulation of the tenure of allotments and small holdings. Every branch of 

 the work was prosperous and of great advantage to farmers, but the committee 

 believes that " if the A. O. S. had larger funds the development of agricultural 

 cooperation in England and Wales would proceed with far greater rapidity than 

 at present." To overcome this difficulty a central cooperative agricultural bank- 

 has recently been organized and registered, the sole purpose of which is to 

 advance money to local credit societies which " will be able to play to the full 

 their function of collecting the savings of country districts and returning them 

 in the form of the nnicb-needed capital for the exploitation of the land." 



Agricultural cooperative societies [in Brazill, C. Boroes, Jr. (Bol. Dir. A(/r. 

 Buhiu, S (1906), No. 5, pp. J,60--'i67). — The author points out in this article the 



