ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 853 



ill ononiioiis ([nantitics and some altciition lias Ikhmi siven to their i)rofitable 

 utilization. It appears that thoy may he used for fertilizer, as a feed stutf, or 

 ill the preparation of axle grease. 



Insecticides and fungicides, Iv. Harcourt and II. L. Fulmer (Ontario Dcpt. 

 Afn: liiiL l')'h l>p- •>■')■ — 'i'he purjioses and necessity of spraying are hriefly out- 

 lined and detailed formulas and explanations are given for the iireparation and 

 api)licatiou of the standard inseetieides and fungicides. 



The lime-sulphur-salt wash and its substitutes, J. K. Haywood ( C7. S. 

 I)ci>t. A(/r.. Bur. Clicin. Bill. lot. itj). 29). — From experiments c.ni-ried out with 

 chemically pure lime and sulphui'. it a|)pi'ars that solid sulphur is not dissolved 

 hy boiling 15 minutes, hut that the best results are obtained by boiling from 

 4.J to GO minutes. A boiling i»eriod of 1 hour is sufficient to dissolve nearly 

 ;;11 of the suli)hur, Iiul Ilie tiiiosulphates are somewhat increased by a longer 

 jjeriod. 



Salt apparently has no inlluence upon the composition of the wash iu so far 

 as the sulphur compounds are concerned. The slight differences in the com- 

 position of the wash, as used by different investigators, have little or no in- 

 lluence upon the time required for boiling. When lime and sulphur are used 

 in equal quantities there is more than enough lime to dissolve the sulphur. 

 These substances may be used in the proportion of 1 lb. of lime to 1\ lbs. of 

 sulphur. About 2T) lbs. of sulphur to 50 gal. is a maximum quantity. 



It appears that the use of air-slalied lime has no influence on the composi- 

 tion of the wash, and that there is likewise practically no difference iu composi- 

 tion whether flowers of sulplmr or flour sulphur is used. Detailed notes are also 

 given on the composition of lime-sulphur wash withparticular rAerence to the 

 different kinds of sulphur compounds. It is found that not all of the sulphur 

 is dissolved by the heat generated by caustic soda, but the suggestion is made 

 that a wash containing 10 lbs. of caustic soda and 19 lbs. of sulphur per .50 gal. 

 of water without lime may give satisfactory results. 



The use of arsenic in destroying injurious insects, A. Riche (Bid. Agr. 

 Ah/iric et Tuin.'<k\ IS (1001), Ao. 1, pp. 13-22).— As a result of the study of 

 this matter, it is recommended that soluble arsenical compounds should not 

 1)0 employed and that in all cases care should be exercised in the use of arsen- 

 icals so that they are i)repared and applied in the manner i-ecognized by ento- 

 mologists and in accordance with laws regulating this subject. 



Analyses of Paris green and lead arsenate, G. E. Colhy (Calij'oriiia Sta. 

 Hill. IS2, pp. 177-183). — In 1901 a law was passed in California to i)revent 

 fiaiid in the sale of Paris green. Since that time about 78 tons of I'aris 

 green have been examined, of which 7i tons were rejected. The effect of the 

 law was manifest in the improvement in quality of I'aris green bought from 

 New York manufacturers. At first only about 20 per cent ol" the I'ai-is green 

 was passable and during the fourth year of the operation of the law some 

 laxity in the use of Paris green was again observed. Recently the station has 

 recommended the more extended use of arsenate of lead in the place of Paris 

 grc<'n. 



The chemical test made at the station comprises the determination of the 

 total arsenic and the quantity of free arsenious oxid. The results obtained 

 by the determination of vai-ious samiilcs of PaiMs green arc shown in a tabular 

 form. 



Proposed insecticide law, C. W. Woodwoimii {('nlifdriiid sia. lUiJ. 182, pp. 

 }8',-IS(;}. — In order to bring about further imiirovcMiieiit in the quality of 

 I'aris green, the text of a proposed law is given worded essentially the same 

 as the law for the control of conimci^ial fertilizers with only such verbal 

 changes as are necessary to make it apply to insecticides. 



