860 EXPERIMENT STATION KECORD. 



the diet are among tlie (luestions spoken of. He states that milk boiled for 

 a considerable time and sweetened with large (jnantities of either white or 

 brown sngar is mneh nsed, as well as sour milk, cream, curds, and clarified 

 butter. 



According to the author, " it is erroneous to supiKJse tliat the whole of the 

 natives of India are vegetarians, in the strictest sense of the term. This idea 

 seems to have gained acceptance from the fact that the wants of the natives, 

 chietly the Hindoo population, are few and simple, and that they cimhne them- 

 selves to the actual necessities of life in the matter of food." 



The Mahomedans "consume more flesh than the Hindoos, and are permitted 

 to eat either tish. fowl, mutton, or beef. Even the poorer class of Mahomedans 

 eat more animal food than the Hindoos, but in some parts of India Hindoos are 

 (]uite as strong on animal food (mutton and fish) as Mahomedans. The strict- 

 est vegetarians are the Jains, a sect of which a great many of the mercantile 

 caste of Upper India are members."' 



" If we analyze the various kinds of food in use in India l)y the rich as well 

 as the poor, we can not help coming to the conclusion that, on the whole, the 

 food is fairly well balanced in the nnitter of the elementary principles of the 

 diet of both Hindoos and Mahcmiedans. The Hindoos, though largely vegeta- 

 rians, live on food rich in carbohydrates and hydrocarbons, but they are at the 

 same time large consumers of milk and those products of milk which are 

 healthful and nourishing fas well as legumes, particularly lentils. Fish and 

 mutton are also eaten by the Hindoos]. In Bengal and Assam, ttsh supplies 

 largely the nitrogenous element, while in other parts of India fish and mutton 

 are used. The Mahomedans, who form about the fifth of the total population 

 of India, live on very similar food to the Hindoos; eat less sweetmeats, but 

 more animal food (mutton, beef, and goat's flesh). Their food, on the whole, 

 contains a larger proportion of the nitrogenous principle than that of the 

 Hindoos." 



A number of the sects are not considered in this paper because the author 

 states that their diet conforms more closely to western standards. 



Studies of the development of the proletariat in North America, W. 

 SoMBAKT (Arcli. l^ocialirist;. u. tSueialpolitih-. 21 (1905), pp. 556-611: ahs. in 

 Hi/!/. Ri(iiils(]i(tii, 16 (1!)06). No. 21. pp. 120Ji-12()H). — Considerable attention is 

 devoted in this article to the food of workingmen's families in America, and a 

 comparison is made between the kind and amount of food eaten in America 

 and elsewhere. In the author's opinion, the American workingman lives better 

 than the German. 



Diet in boarding schools, .J. O. Symes {Jour. Roi/. tianit. Inst., i?7 (li)07). 

 .\(i. 12. ii/t. 767-771). — The subject is discussed with special reference to condi- 

 tions in (Jri'.-it Britain. The author insists upon the need of an abundant diet 

 of palatable well-cooked food. 



" Digestion dei)ends chiefly upon appetife, and appetite is excited l)y the 

 organs of sight and smell, and by pleasant mental impressions. It is important, 

 therefore, that food at school should be cooked carefully and served daintily. 

 There shfiuld be as little as possible of routine in school fare, and everything 

 should be done to discourage children rushing their meals in order to get to 

 work or to play." 



Suggestions are made regarding the character of the different meals and 

 related matters. 



Studies of children on a vegetarian diet, II. Eckhardt {Zcnthl. Gcsain. 

 rin/.'^ioL II. I'lith. Xloffirrcliscj!^. ii. scr.. 1 {1<H)6), No. 20, pp. 617-622). — Tlic 

 studies were made at a so-called vegetarian home in Breslau. Tlie diet, more 



