DISEASES OF PLANTS. 1057 



iiiixlurr .it iiilrr\;ils of 2 weeks •■liter the t",i lliiij; of (lie lilossoins slioxred no 

 disease (hiriii,:; the siiceeediiit; season. 



A bacterial disease of fruit trees, U. Adkriiou) ( hciil. ohHilxni Zt</.. 1907, 

 \'). 6", pp. 00-!)'i, fi(/x. ,^). — An account is ,t,Mven of a lia<terial disease of cherry 

 trees due to Bacillu.s spongiostc/. wliidi iias iie«>n iireviousiy described (K. S. R., 

 17, |>. lit;."); IS. p. '.M7I. 



The distribution of the gooseberry mildew in Europe, VV. IIkrtku {('I'lilhl. 

 Hitkl. \rtc.\. 2. Mil.. 11 ililir,). No. 22-2.^, pp. 7tf-'/-77.J. /ffir.s-. 3). — The author 

 traces the distribution of the gooseberry mildew {Xph(rrotheca iiiorn-uv(i') in 

 Euro|((> fnr the year r.lO(;, jiivins the rejiorted stations where it lias been 

 observed in Ireland, lUissia. Sweden. I>enniark, Cermany, Finland, Norway, 

 and Austria-IIung.iry. 



A new disease of cacao {A(/r. Xctr.s [JUtrliadon], 6 {1901), No. 128, p. 93). — 

 The writer states that diseased roots and stems of cacao were received from the 

 botanic gardens at Trinidad in October, 1900, which upon examination were 

 found to be infested with dark mycelial tlu'eads in the vessels of the roots and 

 with hypha> of otlier funiii in the medullary rays and other cells of the stem. 

 The mycelium in the stem a])iieared to be continuous witli black fruiting 

 bodies, whicli are recognized as species of Lasiodiplodia. 



Specimens of the stems submitted to this Department were said to bo infested 

 with the same fungus as that previously noted (E. 8. K.. 18, p. 452) as occur- 

 ring on cacao and mangoes. The identity of the fungus in the roots has not 

 yet been determined. 



Attention is called to the presence of this fungus on cacao and other plants 

 in widely distant regions in the West Indies. When the disease is found, all 

 infested twigs and branches should be cut out and burned and dead trees 

 should be uprooted and destroyed. 



Diseases of cocoanut palms, F. A. Stockdale (Agr. Neics [Barbadofi]. G 

 (I'JOl), No. 121. p. 7.5). — Descriptions are given of 3 diseases of the cocoanut 

 palms observed I)y the author in Trinidad. 



The first of these, a root disease, is attrilmted to tlie fungus Botnjodiphxlid 

 sp.. andYliay be recognized by the yellowing and hanging down of the leaves, by 

 the disorganized condition of the cortex of tlie roots and the red discoloration in 

 the sten), and by the pustules bearing fungus spores on the dead leaf stalks. 

 'J'his disease may l)e spread through the soil or by spores. It appears in all 

 soils, but apparently spreads more rapidly and is more destructive in damp, 

 lowlying, undrained regions. To prevent the spread of the disease the author 

 reconnnends the burning of all diseased trees and rubbish, isolation I)y digging 

 trenches aroinid diseased trees, cultivation of the land, and si)raying witli 

 fungicides for the destruction of the spores, as well as ai)plications to tbe soil 

 for the destruction of the mycelium. Where replanting is necessary it should 

 be done witli riiie nuts from disease-resistant trees. 



The leaf disease described is caused by a species of Pestalozzia. and may be 

 recognized by yellowish sixits on the leaflets, especially near their tips. Tliese 

 sjKtts increase in si/.e. tbe leaf turns yellow, then brown, and finally dies. When 

 tlie leaflets of the tenuinal 2 or ."> ft. of the leaves have died tliis jiortion breaks 

 olf and hangs vertic-ally downward from the end of the dying leaves. This is 

 said to l)e one of tbe most clianicteristie indications of this di.sease. Associated 

 with this fungus is .iiiotlier. Diphxlia epicoco-H, but experiments seem to indicate 

 that it is sajiropliytic and only completes the destruction begun by tlie Pe.sta- 

 lezzia. The spread of tliis disease is accomplished by wind and rain, and efforts 

 .-liould 1p(> made to keejw the trees in as healthy and vigorous a condition as 

 l'Ossii)le. 



:i849— No. U— <J7 M — -."> 



