1062 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Spraying" demonstrations in Nebraska apple orchards, R. A. Emerson 

 (Nchniska Sfa. BkL OS. pi). 35, fh/s. 7). — The s[)fnyiiig deiuonstrations reported 

 in this bulletin were carried on in (j commercial orchards and the sprays were 

 applied at 5 periods, viz., April 23 to May 1, May 7 to 17, May 1.5 to 20, June 

 G to 9, and July 10 to 25. The materials used for spraying were Bordeaux 

 mixture and an arsenical (arsenate of lead, green arsenite, or Paris green). 



Upon tabulating the results obtained from these experiments it was found 

 that the average cost of spraying was 21 cts. per tree and that a net value of 

 $1.(jG was obtained from the fruit of each sprayed tree as compared with 80 cts. 

 for each unsprayed tree. The returns per acre were about $80 and .$40. respec- 

 tively. It is recommended that in Nebraska apple trees be sprayed with Bor- 

 deaux mixture just before the flower buds open, with Bordeaux mixture and 

 an arsenical iuimediately after the blossoms fall and also ."> or 4 weeks later, 

 and with arsenate of lead on .Inly 20 and August 10. 



Spraying for apple diseases and the codling moth in the Ozarks, \Y. M. 

 Scott and A. L. Quaintance (V. .S'. Dept. Affi:, Farmers' Bui. 283, pp. j^2, 

 figs. 7). — The treatments planned by the authors were designed to control 

 apple scab, apple blotch, leaf-spot diseases, bitter rot, and codling moth. Appli- 

 cations were made just before the flowers opened, just after the petals fell, 7 

 days later, after another .3 weeks, and on June 25, July 17, and August 11. 

 Bordeaux mixture with an arsenical added was found to be the most effective 

 treatment for the principal diseases of the fruit and foliage of the apple and 

 also for the codling moth. A good quality of Paris green is satisfactory, and 

 when applied with Bordeaux mixture adheres well to the foliage. Arsenite of 

 lime is the cheapest of all the arsenicals used in these experiments. 



With varieties of apples ordinarily immune to scab the first application is 

 not necessary, and in localities where bitter rot does not prevail the last appli- 

 cation may be omitted. 



Insect and fungus enemies of the grape east of the Rocky Mountains, 

 A. L. Quaintance and C. L. Shear {V. S. Dept. Agr., Farmer.^' Bui. 28^. pp. 

 .'i8, figs. 35). — The authors, working in cooperation, have devised a treatment 

 which is effective against the grape root-worm, berry moth, curculio, leaf moth, 

 leaf-hopper, leaf-folder, and flea-beetle, the rose chafer, black rot, downy mil- 

 dew, powdery mildew, autbracnose, ripe rot, bitter rot, white rot, crown gall, 

 and root rot, and against shelling. Brief notes are given on the appearance 

 and life history of these grape pests and on the preparation and application of 

 insecticides and fungicides. 



In controlling these pests it is recommended that a first application be made 

 about May 1, using Bordeaux mixture of the formula G-o-50 ; a second applica- 

 tion about June 1, using Bordeaux mixture with the formula 5-.5-50 with an 

 arsenical added, the third application as soon as the blossoms fall, the fourth 

 about 10 days later, and the fifth and sixth at intervals of about 2 weeks, using 

 tor the third and fourth applications the Bordeaux mixture and an arsenical, 

 and for the fifth and sixth Burgundy mixture with an arsenical. 



Remedies for the San Jose scale. San Jose scale act (Ontario Dept. Agr. 

 Bui. 1,57, pp. 12). — For ordinary treatment a lime-sulphur mixture is recom- 

 mended. For this purpose 3 formulas of the insecticide are presented. Direc- 

 tions are also given for the preparation of crude oil and whale-oil soap. In 

 summer kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap will give satisfactory results. 



A copy is given of an act for the prevention of the spread of San Jose scale. 



The elm-leaf beetle, W. E. Britton (Councetieiit ,Stafe Sta. Bui. 155, pp. 

 IJf, pi. 1, figs. 6). — The biology and economic relaticms of this insect are briefly 

 summarized. In combating the pest it is reconnnended, that all locations where 

 the beetle might hibernate in an adult stage should be searched in the spring 



