1082 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOED. 



material containing tuberculous sputum, the author comes to the conclusion 

 that such material is without virulence either for the respiratory or digestive 

 organs. It is believed to be Impossible to produce the disease by inhaling dust 

 containing tuberculous sputum which has become desiccated without the influ- 

 ence of sunlight. It was shown by experiment that guinea pigs were not 

 infected liy (\-iting '2-'> to 2()() mg. of sucii matei'ial. 



Tuberculosis in hogs without caseation or calcification, M. .Iunack (Ztsvhr. 

 Fleisch u. MUchhyij., 11 (1907), Au. 5, pp. 16 '/-111, pgs. 2). — In a number of 

 instances the author had occasion to observe tuberculosis in hogs in which the 

 disease showed no tendency toward regression or natural limitation. The tuber- 

 cles did not undergo caseation or calcification. On this account the author 

 argues that in such cases of tuberculosis the whole carcass of the affected pig 

 should be Ixiiled or cooked by steam before admission for use as human food. 



Vaccination against tuberculosis through the alimentary tract, J. Nicolas 

 {Jour. Med. V<^t. ct Zootceh.. .)N {I'Jdl), Jan., pp. ^;^-.i.5).---This is a critical 

 review of the experiments of t'almette, Guerln, Vallee, Roux, Arloing, and 

 Stazzi. It has been found possible to produce an active immunity against 

 tuberculosis by feeding animals tubercle bacilli of human origin, or bovine 

 l)acllli previously killed by heat or greatly attenuated. The immunity thus 

 produced develops within a few months and is apparently of long duration. 



Vaccination of cattle against tuberculosis, .J. LiGNif:RES {BuJ. Soc. Cent. 

 Med. Vet., 84 {1901), Xo. .'/, pp. 112-125). — A record is given of 6 animals which 

 were vaccinated against tuberculosis. 



It appears from these and other experiments that tubercle bacilli which pos- 

 sess their full virulence have the power of producing the highest degree of 

 immunity. The more tubercle bacilli used for vaccination are attenuated the 

 weaker becomes the immunity. This is true without regard to the method 

 adopted for attenuating the bacilli. From a sanitary standpoint it would be 

 better if animals could be vaccinated against tuberculosis by the use of tubercle 

 bacilli which could not multiply in the vaccinated animal. Immunity produced 

 in this manner, however, is of short duration and of little value, and it is 

 therefore necessary to use bacilli which possess some virulence. In no case, 

 however, should vaccine be used fi'om which the bacilli would remain alive 

 for a long time in the tissues of the animal. 



Combating tuberculosis on sewer farms, P. Vincey {Rev. Hi/g. et Pol. 

 i^aiiit., 29 {19(17), A'o. 2. pp. 109-113). — The question having arisen regarding 

 the possibility of danger to cattle from grazing on sewer farms, this matter was 

 investigated with the result that the author discards the idea that forage grown 

 on land irrigated with sewer water can carry tuberculosis to cattle. In case of 

 an outbreak of the disease on such farms the usual method of procedure under 

 other circumstances is recommended. 



The etiology of milk fever, J. de Vries {Tijdi^ehr. Veeartsenijk., 34 {1907), 

 No: 5, pp. 310-318). — The literature of this subject is briefly reviewed for the 

 puri)ose of citing cases in which milk fever has occurred without any connection 

 with parturition. The etiology of the disease must still remain somewhat 

 unclear since neither the theory of cerebral anemia nor that of the action of 

 specific toxins thonmghly explains it. 



Combating blackleg in Vogelsberg, A. Scheibel {Dent. Tienirzll. Wehnsehr.. 

 15 {1907), A'o.v. 5. pp. G1-03; 6. pp. 77-SO, figs. 3). — The investigations reported 

 in this paper were carried out on cattle and sheep. During a period of 5 years 

 in which 3,200 cattle were vaccinated, only 3 were lost and the cause of death 

 in these cases was not definitely determined. For the benefit of local practi- 

 tioners, the author reconnnends that portions of the muscle tissue be saved 

 from animals which tlic of bl.ickleg in order to prepare vaccine from this 



