RURAL ECONOMICS. 1089 



Agricultural credit, F. Fasquelle iScmaine Af/r. IParis;], .2H {1901), So. 

 ISo'h pp. 133, IS.'i). — The author discusses the rehitiou of local agricultural 

 credit banks to the district banks, the organization of credit banks, how fann- 

 ers are admitted to iiu'ni!)ershii) and secure loans, the rates of interest paid on 

 loans, and otlier matters relating to the organization and administration of 

 agricultural credit hanks in France. 



Agricultural settlements {lioL See. Foincuto | .l/r.//co |. 6' {I'Jdl), Xo. 7. pp, 

 2}fJf-25')). — This article reviews the methods of establishing and directing small 

 agricultural holdings in the neighborhood of cities and in industrial centers of 

 France, Germany, England, Belgium, and Sweden for the purpose of providing 

 work for the city miemployed and of interesting industrial woi-kers in agricul- 

 tnral pursuits. The beneficial results of this movement from the economic, 

 moral, and financial iioints of view are especially commended. 



The purpose of the article was to call attention to agrarian C(mditions in 

 Chile, where the land is said to b.e held by a few peoi)le. As a result, hostility 

 prevails between proprietors and workers, the rural districts are being depopu- 

 lated, pauperism increases in the cities, and the most vigorous portion of the 

 population emigrates from the country. The adoption of the -European sys- 

 tem of breaking up large estates into small holdings and the governmental 

 encouragement of land settlement by providing laud, seed, injplements, fer- 

 tilizers, etc., to reliable settlers under easy terms are advocated for the im- 

 provement of economic conditions in Chile. 



The article is reprinted in tlie aliove publication because its tea<'hings are said 

 to be equally ap]ilical)le to Mexico at the present time. 



Agricultural cooperation, 1{. Paisant {Hcmalne Agr. [Pf//-/v]. ,i6 (1907), No. 

 IS.j.'i, pp. 132, 133). — A discussion of the law of December 20, lOOG, regulating 

 the control of the 40,000,000 francs set aside by the French government for the 

 aid of agricultural cooperation, with special reference to the disposition of the 

 fund, methods of securing loans, and the importance of the movement to French 

 agriculture. 



The international cooperative movement in agriculture, M. Paisant {Bui. 

 Soc. Nat. Agr. France, 61 {1901), No. 2, pp. 168-116). — The author discusses the 

 tendency of the movement in agricultural cooperation to pass beyond national 

 boundaries, and briefly outlines tlie history to date of several international 

 organizations whose aim it is to make world-wide the prosi»erity of agriculture. 



The competitive ability of large, medium, and small size farming, J. llocH 

 (Landiv. Jahrb., 36 {1901), No. 1. pp. 1-91). — A detailed critical discussion of 

 this subject in which it is shown in general that small and medium-size opera- 

 tions are economically sui)erii)r to farming on a large scale. This advantage, 

 however, is due not so much to the district in which the farm lies n<»r to special 

 methods of culture as to the greater jiroductivity of a uniform soil and of the 

 industry as a whole. 



Agricultural bank act amendments i-hnir. hcpt. Ai/r. West. .W/.n7., 1.1 {1901), 

 No. 2. pp. 12.'f-126). — The expansion of the agri<-ultural industry in Western 

 Australia from 73,408 acres under cultivation in 1800 to 304,704 acres in 1000 is 

 attributed in great measure to the establishment of the agricultural bank 

 system. 



T'nder the law and its amendments wliich went into effect on February 1, 

 1007, £1,0(10,000 is now made available to borrowers on farm property at .5 per 

 cent interest. The conditions under which sums may be borrowed and repaid, 

 as well as the care of the property, are enumerated. For the first five years 

 interest only is collected, but at the exiiiration of that time regular installments 

 of principal and interest l)ecome payable semiannually for 25 years, or sooner at 



2840— No. 11—07 M 7 



