1132 EXPERIMEISTT STATION RECORD. 



gave similar results. Both of these fertilizers, however, proved to be too 

 expensive for commercial purposes. 



Further experiments were conducted in 1899 at the Oberlin Viticultural 

 Institute at Colmar, in which the author used powdered phonolite obtained from 

 the debris of a stone crusher used in connection with the macadamizing of 

 roads. The powdered phonolite was applied for a period of 4 years, and the 

 results which were noted in 1905 and 1906 are presented in tabular form. The 

 author concludes that it is practically certain that the density of mu.st is greatly 

 increased by the addition of soluble silicates, and states that it remains to be 

 proved whether the use of silica, especially in the form of phonolite, which was 

 found to contain as high as 50 per cent of silicic acid, is not capable of increas- 

 ing the alcoholic content of the wine, as well as augmenting its other good 

 qualities. 



The grape and wine industry in the provinces of Mendoza and San Juan, 

 Argentina, T. Chiaromonte (BoJ. I flic. Min. Af/r., Iiidits. e Com. [Ro)iic], 

 6 {1901), I, 'So. 5, pp. ^89-513). — An account is given of grape culture and the 

 manufacture of wine in these provinces, in which considerable data are pre- 

 sented in connection with various phases of the subject, special attention being 

 paid to the effect of these industries on the sale of Italian wines. 



The total area of irrigated vineyards in these regions is given as about 23,227 

 hectares (57,370 acres). The value of a 3-year-old vineyard is estimated at 

 1,829 pesos ($1,765). In IMendoza one-fourth of the grapevines are native and 

 three-fourths of French origin, whereas in San Juan two-thirds of the vines are 

 native and one-third of French origin. The annual production of wine in the 

 Republic of Argentina is said to be about 2,000.000 hectoliters (52,800,000 gals.). 



The quality of the different grades of wine is discussed, and tabulated data 

 are given showing the production, importation, and consumption of beer for each 

 year from 1902 to 1905 and of wine from 1894 to 1906. 



Extensive and intensive culture of Brazilian coffee trees, C. Bolle (Tro- 

 peiipflanzer, 11 {1901), No. 2, pp. 69-19). — The author gives an account of the 

 different coffee zones in Brazil, and discusses the relative merits of the cultiva- 

 tion of coffee as the only' crop on large plantations as compared, with its 

 cultivation in connection with other crops. After a comparison of these two 

 methods he is of the opinion that the culture of coffee may be conducted with 

 profit in either way. 



Poppy culture and the production of opium, H. Thoms {IJher Mohribau 

 iiiid Oplumgcicinnimy. Berlin: Bonitrac[/er, 1901; rev. in Chem. Ztg.. 31 

 {1901), No. 21/, p. 316). — The author's results in the cultivation of poppies in 

 the experimental fields of the German Institute of Pharmacy at Dahlem during 

 the years 1905 and 1906 are given. 



These experiments further demonstrate the facts that the climate and soil 

 are suited for the cultivation of the poppy and the productiop of opium rich in 

 morphine in north as well as in south Germany. An account is given of the 

 experiments that have been attempted with Prussian, Turkish, and blue and 

 white German poppies with reference to the production of opium and its content 

 of morphine and other opiates, the relative returns from the different varieties, 

 the cost of production, etc. The author states that the production of opium in 

 north Germany is not profitable, but appeals for experiments in the German 

 colonies, since samples of opium in Kwai and west Africa were found to contain 

 a high content of morphine. 



What to do with old bulbs, J. Dunbar {Oanl. Mag. [N. Y.]. 5 {1901), No. 5, 

 pp. 29.'i, 295, figs. 10). — Directions are given as to the harvesting, cleaning, and 

 storing of such bulbs as tulips, hyacinths, and daffodils when the flowering 

 season is over. 



