NO. 1 OSBURN : EASTERN PACIFIC BRYOZOA — CHEILOSTOMATA 55 



Genus GAULORAMPHUS Norman, 1903 



The frontal area entirely membranous, the walls comparatively thick 

 with numerous spines ; avicularia stalked, tall and slender with a narrow 

 base, situated among the lateral spines but arising just outside of the 

 row of spines on the lateral area of the wall. Pore chambers present. 

 Ovicell endozooecial or wanting. Genotype, Flustra spiniferum Johnston. 



Key to Species of Cauloramphus 



1. Zooecia well separated by deep grooves 2 



Zooecia closely set, interzooecial grooves inconspicuous. . spiniferum 



2. Moderately large, walls high, spines all long and nearly erect, 



avicularium tall and gradually enlarged above the narrow 



base cymbaeformis 



Smaller species, walls lower, spines more curved over the opesia, 



avicularium shorter and more suddenly expanded 3 



3. The two distal pairs of spines stout and erected, the others sharp- 



pointed and curved strongly over the opesia, usually brown 



in color hrunea 



The distal pair of spines directed forward, the others more or 



less curved over the opesia, all the spines slender. . . echinus 



/// Cauloramphus spiniferum (Johnston), 1832 

 Plate 5, fig. 9 



IMemhranipora variegata Hincks, 1889 :8. 

 Membranipora spinifera, Robertson, 1900:324; 1908:265. 

 Membranipora spinifera, O'Donoghue, 1923 :26 ; 1926 :39. 

 Cauloramphus spiniferum, Hastings, 1930:713. 



It is a moderately large species, the colonies often covering several 

 square centimeters. The zooecia are large, the opesia measuring 0.40 to 

 0.55 mm in length. The stalked avicularia are usually abundant, erect 

 and at first glance may be mistaken for stout spines. The distal spines 

 around the opercular area are more or less erect, those around the proxi- 

 mal half of the opesia are smaller, sharp pointed and curve over the 

 opesia ; the usual complement of spines is 4 or 6 oral and the same number 

 of the more proximal spines. 



This well-known North Atlantic species is distributed abundantly 

 along the west coast of North America from Alaska (Robertson) to 

 southern California, and thence more sparingly to the Galapagos (Hast- 

 ings) and Chile. 



In the Hancock collections it was found at 25 stations, chiefly about 

 the Channel Islands off the coast of southern California. Also found 



