58 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 14 



Cauloramphus variegatum (Hincks), 1< 

 Membrantporavariegata Hincks, 1884:8. 



Jelly's Catalog makes this a synonym of M. echinata d'Orbigny, pre- 

 sumably with Hincks' approval. It is a Cauloramphus as Hincks mentions 

 the presence of stalked avicularia. Cauloramphus spiniferum (Johnston) 

 is a very common species all along the coast and frequently has the bases 

 of the spines dark colored as in Hincks' description of variegata. It seems 

 probable that variegata is merely a color form of spiniferum. The M. 

 echinata (eschinata in the text) of d'Orbigny from Chile, is described 

 and figured as having only three pairs of spines, all of vi^hich are on the 

 distal half of the zooecium. 



Family Alderinidae Canu and Bassler, 1927 

 In establishing this family the authors state simply, "We propose 

 this new family for all the Membraniporae in which the ovicell is hyper- 

 stomial." This appears to be the only constant character in the midst of 

 much diversity, but as it represents a type of reproduction different from 

 other membranipores it is sufficiently definite. 



The gymnocyst in the Alderinidae is usually small, but may cover half 

 or more of the frontal length {Doryporella). The cryptocyst, in most 

 cases, is confined to the descending portion, but it may expand to form 

 a considerable proximal lamina. Spines are extremely varied both in 

 number and form; occasionally they are wanting; usually they are simple 

 in form, but they are sometimes branching and cervicorn. Avicularia are 

 often present on the proximal gymnocyst, less frequently they occur on 

 the lateral walls ; in several genera they are interzooecial, or they may be 

 wanting entirely. 



In the following classification the genera are separated, first, on the 

 mode of interzooecial communication, either pore chambers or rosette 

 plates; second, on the manner of the closure of the ovicell, by the oper- 

 culum or by a special membrane ; third, by the nature of the avicularia, 

 interzooecial or adventitious on the zooecial front. Some of these charac- 

 ters require close observation, but they appear to be the most funda- 

 mental features of the family, and the techniques are not difficult to 

 acquire. 



Key to the Genera of Alderinidae 



1. Pore chambers (dietellae) present 2 



Multiporous or uniporous septulae. No dietellae 6 



2. No avicularia, no spines Alderina 



Avicularia present 3 



