278 Index 



Breathing, 145 



mechanisms, 145 



method of, 145 



rapidity of, 147 

 Bubble-nest, 160 



illustrated, 251 



Caeca, intestinal, 143 

 Candiru, 255 

 Carap^Sy 255 

 Cartilaginous fish, 46 



body covering, 46 



brain, 117, 118 



evolutionary off-shoot, 123- 

 124 



excretion, 1 51-152 



gills, 149 



gills illustrated, 146 



hearing, 106, 107 



ovaries, 171 



ray, 251, 253, 254 



sense of smell, 1 1 5 



sharks, 46 



skeleton, 64 



spawning, 164, 259 



spracle, 106 



spiral valve, illustrated, .144 

 Catalina, Santa, 207 

 Catfish, caeca, 143 



hearing, 105 



mouth-breeders, 267 



taste, 115 

 Caution, 122 

 Char, 176 

 Chromatophore, 33 



absence in higher animals, 45, 



46 



illustrated, 33 

 Ctchlasoma bimaculatum, 96 

 Circulation of blood, 153-156 

 Clelthrum, 51 



Coelacanth, 12 

 Color, 30 



change, 33-37 



developmental, 44, 45 



effect of light, 32 



experiments, 38, 39 



nuptial, 42-44 



pattern, 33 



pigment, 32, 33 



protective, 32, 34, 35, 37 



tempo of color change, 36, 38 



visual mechanics of color 

 change, 37, 41 

 Color discrimination, 96-98 



brightness values, 97 

 Colorado River, 243 

 Columbia River, 230-235 

 Cofeina, 267 

 Currents, detection of, 112 



Dams, 229, 243 



beneficial, 206, 247 



Bonneville, 230 



Grand Coulee, 234 

 Darw^in, Charles, 13, 43-44 

 Decussation, 86 



illustrated, 77, 86 

 Devonian drought, 123, 139 

 Digestive system, 140 



intestine, 143 



pancreas, 144 



pharynx, 143 



stomach, 143 



teeth, 140 

 Drinking, 152 



Ear, 101-107 



cochlea, 102, 103 

 compared with human, lOl 

 illustrated, 102 

 lagena, 103, 104 



