PACIFIC SALMON 



71 



assumption ; this was coupled with search for 

 control factors which are found in the en- 

 vironment. Specific instances of the in- 

 fluence of mechanical, physical and chem- 

 ical stimuli were found to be related to par- 

 ticular activities in the life cycle. 



There have been reviewed the studies 

 made by previous writers on scale mark- 

 ings, on the return of planted fish and of 

 marked fish, on the wanderings of tagged 

 fish, and other experimental and observa- 

 tional data offered to substantiate the fun- 

 damental assumption that control is due to 

 some mystical impulse or inborn instinct. 

 It is found that inadequate attention has 

 been given to the behavior of free living fish 

 under varying conditions. It is important 

 to follow the fate of the large number miss- 

 ing from the records cited rather than to 

 place complete reliance on the small percent- 

 age which conforms to the results expected. 

 The aquatic environment is complex even 

 when most narrowly limited as in fresh 

 water, and few only of the many stimuli 

 have been as yet subject to observation or 

 experiment. But, on the basis of studies 

 thus far made on the migration of the sal- 

 mon, environmental control interprets more 

 fully the data secured than the assumption 

 of blind instinct. 



References Cited 



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Clemens, W. A. and L. S. 1926-1937. Contribu- 

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Davidson, F. A. 1934. The Homing Instinct and 

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■, AND Christey, L. S. 1938. The Migra- 

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 643-666. 



Foerster, R. E. 1929. An Investigation of the 

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Run of 1925. Contrib. Canad. Biol, N. S. 5: 



1-35. 

 . 1929a. An Investigation, etc.. No. 2. 



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 . 1929b. An Investigation, etc., No. 3. 



The Downstream Migration of the Young in 

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1934. An Investigation, etc.. No. 4. 



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1937. The Relation of Temperature to 



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Pritchard, A. L. 1938. Transplantation of Pink 

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Rich, W. H., and Ball, E. M. 1931. Statistical 

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', AND Holmes, H. B. 1929. Experi- 

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Ward, Henry B. 1922. Some of the Factors 

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. 1930. Some Responses of Sockeye 



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 Fresh- water Migration. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 

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1932. The Origin of the Land-locked 



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 . 1938. Environmental Stimuli and 



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1939. Salmon Psychology. J. Wash. 



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