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Monoploid — 101 — Myrmecophilous 



Multipara. — A woman who has given birth to two or more 

 children. 



Multiparous. — Bearing several individuals at a single birth. 



Multiple Alleles. — A series of genes each differing from the 

 other but all alternatively sited at the same chromosomal locus. 



Multiple Allelomorphs. — Multiple alleles, q.v. 



Multiple Cross. — A cross in which a hybrid is crossed with 

 a type of different origin from either of its parents; often 

 a cross between hybrids of different origin, cf. Double Fj. 



Multiple Diploid. — Allopolyploid. 



Multiple Factor Hypothesis. — A hypothesis which explains 

 the blending inheritance often found in quantitative characters 

 on the assumption that there is a series of independent cumula- 

 tive genes governing such a quantitative trait. 



Multiple Factors. — Two or more pairs of factors with a 

 complementary or cumulative effect. By extension, any factors 

 working together to produce a single result. 



Multipolar Spindle. — A type of spindle with several poles 

 found in cancerous tissue. 



Multivalent. — A group of more than two chromosomes which 

 are held together at meiosis by mutual attraction or by 

 chiasmata (White). 



Murphy's Rule. — Island birds have longer bills than related 

 mainland races (Mayr, 1942). 



Mutant. — An individual which has suddenly acquired a herit- 

 able variation not present in the parent form and, by extension, 

 the offspring of such an individual as 'mutant race', 'mutant 

 strain'. 



Mutation. — A sudden change in the hereditary make-up. cf. 

 Inter-genic Changes, Intra-genic Changes. 



Mutation Pressure. — The continued production of a gene by 

 mutation (Altenburg, 1945). 



Mutation Rate. — The frequency with which mutations take 

 place in a given variety or species, or the frequency with which 

 any specified mutation occurs in a given population. 



Mutation Trend. — A series of slight gene mutations in the 

 same direction resulting in gradual intensification of a character 

 change (Pincher, 1946). 



Mutual Translocation. — Reciprocal transfer, or crossing- 

 over, between the terminal portions of two non-homologous 

 chromosomes. 



Myrmecophilous. — Pollinated by means of ants. 



