02 



According- to Smart (193;")), wlio exposed some species 

 of Poiiciiruini* cultured on agar slants, to -8.9°, a slight 

 growth could be observed at that temperature. 



Bidault {C. r. Soc. BioL, 85, 1017, 1921) observed growth 

 in Peuicilliutn, CJadosporiinH and B(tti\i/tis l)etween 0° and 

 -6°, and in CJtocfostijliim and llurmodoidron at -10°. 



Haines (1930) found that Sporotrichum carnis grew at 

 -5° to -7°, the lower limit of growth of this fungus on 

 supercooled Czapek's agar being near -10°. 



Noack (1912) studied the cold resistance of thermo- 

 philic fungi belonging to the genera Mucor, Thennoascus, 

 Anixia, Thermoidiinn, Thermomyces and Actinomyces. 

 Spores suspended in hanging drops were germinated in 

 a thermostat, and when the germinating filament had 

 reached a length equal to \ to 10 times the diameter of 

 the spores, the cultures were exposed for 4 clays to 5° to 

 6°. After this treatment, granulations could be seen in 

 the filaments, and no further growth took place when the 

 cultures were put back into the thermostat. Vegetative 

 colonies of these fungi, either in fluid or on solid nutrient 

 media were also killed after an exposure of 2 to 6 days to 

 the temperature mentioned. In general the cold resis- 

 tance was found to be, to a large extent, independent of 

 the previous culture conditions, and it could not be raised 

 by an increased concentration of the medium. 



Kiihne (1864) observed that when the myxomycete 

 Aethalium sept'icum, in the active, moving state, was 

 cooled by immersion of its container in ice water, it be- 

 came motionless; its contours presented many amoeba- 

 like protrusions, which, during the gradual rewarming, 

 constricted off as shiny spheres. The rest of the myxo- 

 mycete (apparently the uninjured central portion) re- 

 sumed its normal activity. However, when Aethalium 

 and Didymium were exposed to the lower temperature of 

 a freezing ice-salt mixture, they were killed. 



Lindner (1915) subjected the submerged mycelia and 

 air hyphae of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium glaucum, 

 cultured on 3 per cent gelatin, to temperatures of - 10° to 



