ns 



Collip (llL'Oa) made ohsci-xal ions leading' to llic same 

 coiU'lusioiis as lliosc of (Jarrcy coiicci'iiiiiL;- the di tTcrciico 

 l)ot\vt'c'ii fivsli water and marine animals. 



J)uval {(\h\ Sor. Biol., .s/y. 22, 192.S) sliowed that the 

 t'reeziiii;' point of the sernm of sea fishes was dne, 1o a hirge 

 extent, to factors otlier tlian the mineral salt content. The 

 freezing- i)oint of the serum was - 1.89° (that of sea water 

 - 1.84°) and that of a water solution of the ashes from the 

 dried serum, diluted to occupy the same \()liini(' as the 

 serum itself, was -1.06°. Tf there is an adjustment of 

 the internal to the external medium, therefore, the modifi- 

 cations of the blood should involve more than a change in 

 the salt concentration. 



4. Eggs. Abundant data on the freezing points of insect 

 eggs will be found in Bachmetjew (1901 and 1907). 



Bialaszewicz (1912) and Backman and Runnstrom 

 (1912) made several determinations on amphibian eggs 

 (see below). 



The chicken egg, according to Atkins (1909a), freezes 

 at - 0.454°, there being no difference between the freezing 

 point of the yolk and that of the white. 



Howard {J. Gen. Physiol., 16, 107, 1932), like Atkins, 

 reported that the yolk and the white had nearly the same 

 freezing point. 



Straub {Bee. Trav. Chim. Paijs-Bas, 48, 49, 1929), on the 

 contrary, found that the yolk froze more than 0.1 degree 

 lower than the white. 



Hale (1935), in a series of very accurate determinations, 

 observed that the yolk never froze above -0.57° and the 

 white never above -0.42°. 



Hale made several other concomitant observations which 

 deserve mention: a) The various layers of white had the 

 same freezing point; b) The intact yolk froze at a slightly 

 lower temperature than broken yolk; c) When the vitelline 

 membrane was punctui'ed, ice started at the punctured 

 point; d) A yolk surrounded l)y a thin layer of white did 

 not freeze when the latter froze. 



According to the same investigator, the discrepancies 



