1(12 



Jensen and Fisclici- (If)lO) calculak'd, from llie areas 

 limited l)y tlie freezing- cui'ves, tiie comparative (iiianlities 

 ot" iee formed at vai'ious tem]X'ratures, in living-, in pre- 

 \ionsly t'l-ozeii and in ))revionsly heated muscles, as also in 

 pliysiolo^'ical saline. The essentials of tlieii- results ^vere 

 discussed above. 



Maximov (11)14), usiiii;' the method of the freezin,i;-curve- 

 area, noticed, amonj»' other interesting facts, that the quan- 

 tity of ice formed in a tissue of given water content does not 

 depend oidy on the lowest temperature reached but also 

 on the cooling velocity, that is, on the temperature of the 

 cooling bath (investigations on potato and beet). 



Luyet and Condon (1938) found that the quantity of ice 

 formed in small pieces of potato tissue weighing 2.25 gr. 

 was 34.5, 45.5, 55.7 and 65.99c of the weight of the object, 

 after, respectively, 15, 20, 25 and 31 minutes of freezing. 

 The temperature had dropped during these periods of time 

 to -1.9°, - 2.8°, - 4.6° and - 8°, respectively. There was 

 still evidence that some ice was formed between the last 

 two temperatures. 



In most of the investigations described in this last sec- 

 tion, no attempt has been made to bring the temperature to 

 very low values and to study the behavior of the curves at 

 these temperatures. The last portions of the freezing 

 curves have hardly been investigated. 



III. COMPLETION OF CRYSTALLIZATION 



Most of the authors who have studied the completion of 

 freezing and its relation to temperature and time have 

 done it by the calorimetric or the dilatometric method. 

 We refer the readers who desire more complete informa- 

 tion on this subject to reviews on ''Bound Water" and we 

 summarize here only a few papers more intimately related 

 to our topic. 



1. Siisprnsious and Cnlloids. Foote and Saxton (1916) 

 determined with a dilatometer the formation of ice, at 

 various low temperatures, in mixtures of sand and water, 

 of lampblaelv and water, in moist calcium hydroxide and in 



