322 POND-CLEANING. [Sept. 



Abies Parryana glauca, giaucus spruce fir. No. 9, Jimiperus 

 Chincnsis aurca, the golden Chinese juniper. No. 10, Azalea jpon- 

 tica. No. 11, Polygonum Sieboldi. No. 12, Daphne pontica. No. 

 13, Solanum Didcamara, bitter sweet. No. 14, Syringa Persica, 

 the Persian lilac. No. 15, Bhammis, sp. No. 16, Cormts mas., 

 Cornelian cherry. No. 1 7, Cratmgus, sp., may be whitethorn ; send 

 more complete specimens. No. 18, Euonymus Europmus. Our 

 readers will thus see the state of vegetation in the far-north of 

 Scotland during this August. — Ed.] 



POND-CLEANING. 



BY J. CHARLES KING, BULSTllODE, SLOUGH. 



Plate V. 



'HIS, a very essential labour of every farmer desirous to keep his 

 stock healthy, when rain is scarce and springs low, is often 

 delayed ; and when done, the water is often wasted so as to be 

 unavailable for the use of stock. The men usually shovel the mud on 

 to the bank when they are near enough it to do so ; but when they 

 proceed towards the centre of the pond, warps have to be made, and 

 the mud is deposited on the edge by successive thro wings ; or it is 

 wheeled out by wheelbarrows, where the pond sides slope so as to 

 prevent the use of carts and horses. In the latter case, I use a 

 simple mud-derrick of my own contrivance, easily rigged up by a 

 farmer haviuff a strong timber-gig or waggon wheel, with the large 

 boxes or bushes used for wooden arms. In the accompanying- 

 illustration may be seen the turning-post in the wheel, the square 

 frame bolted on to the post, to carry the crane-gear with its cog 

 and pinion wheels, with stop-clutch, and two handles for winding up 

 and down. 



The yard-arm, or head of the derrick, has two pulley- wheels let in, 

 over which the rope passes, and diagonal brace-stays of wood and 

 iron secure it to the post. 



The mud-bucket, A, is a square tray, wider at the open end 

 to allow the mud to slide out easily; two of these are used, one 

 being filled, while the other is being emptied into carts standing at 

 the edge of the pond ; the rope being unhooked and hooked to the 

 tray each time. A. hauling-line is shown at the end of the arm ; the 

 derrick with the tray is thus pulled round with the arm over the pond 

 or the cart. The tilting of the tray to slide the mud into the cart 



