472 EDITORIAL NOTES. [Dec. 



The authorities of Kew Gardens are trying to educate the public 

 in a simple way in regard to the attacks of injurious insects on 

 cultivated plants. In a small hanging case is arranged a model 

 of the plant attacked, accompanied by the insect in its different 

 stages of life that causes the injury. Beneath the specimens and 

 their names are a dozen lines in clear type giving a short history of 

 the insect and a few notes as to the remedy or preventive steps to 

 be taken against its ravages. Twenty different insects have now 

 been prepared and mounted in different cases. The Scottish Horti- 

 cultural Society have ordered duplicates, and the Haberdashers' 

 Company intend hanging up cases in their schools in the country 

 districts. This happy idea originated with Miss Ormerod, whose 

 labours have so largely benefited agriculturists. Last year she 

 offered a prize for a case illustrating some definite insect attack, and 

 the response was far beyond her most sanguine expectations. 



Schools of Fokestry in Poland. — We gather from Dr. Croumbie 

 Brown's work on Foi'ests and Forestry in Poland, Zithuania, the 

 UJcrainc, and the Baltic Provinces of Russia, that the most important 

 establishment for the study of forest science and economy is at 

 Novoi Alexandria. The arrangements seem to be most complete. 

 The institute ranks as a college of the first class. It is constituted 

 in two sections — one devoted to the study of rural economy and 

 agriculture, the other to the study of forest science and forestry, 

 with a farm, forest, and an extensive domain attached to it, the 

 whole being placed under the Minister of Public Instruction at 

 Warsaw^ The staff of officials includes a director, inspector, five 

 professors, eight tutors, and three teachers, a laboratory superintendent, 

 a mechanic, foreman of the workshop, land-steward or manager of 

 the estate, gardener and assistant, surgeon, secretary, and book- 

 keeper, and a superintendent of buildings. No professor can hold 

 ±wo chairs, and any of them after twenty-five years may be again and 

 again reappointed for successive terms of five years each. A Board of 

 Management, consisting of the director, inspector, and two professors, 

 has the charge of expenditure to the amount of 300 roubles, to be 

 sanctioned by the director; the expenditure of sums between 1000 

 and 5000 roubles requires the sanction of the council; and the 

 expenditure of sums above this amount tliat of the ministry. The 

 course of instruction embraces a very wide range of subjects. The 

 instruction is given in the Eussian language. Each professor and 

 tutor is required to give six lectures a week, and teachers to spend 

 twelve hours a week in class duties. 



