APRII. 12. 1900. 



The Weekly Florists* Review* 



597 



t-. ^' 



's '-- 



Four New Cattleyas. 



want any more watering thiui j\ist Lo 

 keep them moderately moist. 



In the case of established plants 

 that have lost all their leaves by some 

 abuse it is best to shake them out of 

 the tubs they are in and after trim- 

 ming off all the dead roots start them 

 going in a smaller pot or tub an-^l 

 treat them as you do the dormant 

 stems. When healthy and furnished 

 with plenty of leaves the cycas wants 

 plenty of water, so it should have 

 drainage, a rich, coarse soil, and, if 

 confined to a small tub, liquid ma- 

 nure will much help them. A cycas 

 will stand a good deal of abuse when 

 well established, but should never be 

 sold to a customer until thoroughly 

 well furnished w^ith roots. W. S. 



FOUR GEMS OF ORCHIDS. 



A great deal is being written now- 

 adays about new roses, carnations 

 and other flowers, and 'twould seem 

 that all the floricultural energy was 

 being devoted to the production of gi- 

 gantic specimens of those flowers. 

 The quiet, delicate flowers we know 

 as orchids depend for popularity on 

 intelligence and refinement and It is 

 a pleasure to see that this class of 

 flowers are yearly becoming more ap- 

 preciated. The demand for choice 

 flowers is not a mere season fancy. 

 Orchids are wanted all the year round 

 and the quantity used in New York 

 alone is something enormous. Spe- 

 cialists have adopted new methods of 

 cultivation and finer blooms were 

 never seen than those supplied to the 

 American market. 



A visit to the extensive collection 



of Messrs. Lager & Hurrell, at Sum- 

 mit, N. J., is always of the greatest 

 interest to lovers of orchids. There 

 is always something new or rare to 

 be seen there. This firm has produced 

 many grand cattleya hybrids. The il- 

 lustration shown is of a group of new 

 ones growing in their cattleya houses 

 in the early part of March. No. 1 is 

 Cattleya Trianae Summitensis, a 

 charming variety originated by Ar- 

 thur Herrington, Madison, N. J. No. 

 2, Cattleya Trianae var., a splendid 

 variety, sepals, petals and lip white, 

 lightly suffused with the most deli- 

 cate shade of lilac. No. 3, Cattleya 

 Trianae var., sepals and petals of a 

 beautiful light lilac, color of lip rosy 

 lilac, large and open, a very fine and 

 desirable variety. No. 4, also Cattleya 

 Trianae var.. sepals and petals dark 

 lilac, the latter with a large longi- 

 tudinal blotch of purple extending 

 from the tips half way down toward 

 the base, lip intense purple. This is 

 a gem among splashed varieties. The 

 plant in the center, not numbered, is 

 a seedling cattleya coming into flow- 

 er for the first time. These grand 

 flowers, in addition to many move, 

 past and to come, have originated and 

 are growing at Lager & Hurrell's es- 

 tablishment at Summit, N. J. 



J. 1. DONLAN. 



PLANT RUSTS. 



By Fkof. Byron D. IIalsied. 

 fRead before the Massachusetts Horticultural 

 Society.] 



There are at least three rusts that 

 have made themselves proiiinent 

 among ornamental plants during the 

 past few years. A leading rust in the 



flower garden is that of the hollyhock 

 (Puccinia malvacearum Mont.), which 

 came into this country in 1890, and 

 spread with remarkable rapidity and 

 fatality. It develops upon all parts of 

 till' hollyhock as the leaves, stem and 

 floral parts, causing them all to sicken 

 and die. This rust is a good illustra- 

 tion of those that have only the teleuto 

 form of the spore and the sporidia that 

 grow directly from it. In other words, 

 the cluster cup and uredo stages are 

 omitted, and the first stage becomes 

 the last, so far as spore development 

 U|)on the host is concerned. The great 

 rate at which the fungus spreads is to 

 be accounted for largely because it hi- 

 bernates as the living mycelium in the 

 hollyhock, the young leaves of which 

 exist as a i-osette through the winter. 

 As the warm, moist weather co i es the 

 orange patches upon the foliage en- 

 large and quickly develop spores that 

 almost at once form the sporidia which 

 rapidly spread the rust to other parts 

 of the hollyhock. Another observation 

 that may be made in connection with 

 the hollyhock rust is its scarcity at 

 certain times. For exampit, in 1898 

 there was an abundance of hollyhock 

 rust, while a year later there was al- 

 most none upon plants badly rusted 

 the year before. It may be said in ex- 

 planation that the conditions were un- 

 favorable for the disease, and the 

 health of the plants was restored. Good 

 growing weather with no excess of 

 moisture is the best ally of the victim, 

 and if it comes in time, many kinds of 

 plants will recover from an attack that 

 might be otherwise disastrous. 



Another new rust is that of the car- 

 nation (Uromyces Caryophyllinus 

 Schr.), which reached us, probably 

 from Europe in imported stock, in 

 1891, and is still in evidence in nearly 

 all parts of the country. The condi- 

 tions here are quite different from the 

 open garden, for heat and moisture and 

 a more or less confined air in the 

 greenhouse supply the surroundings 

 favorable for .the growth and spread of 

 the rust. The spray from the hose in 

 watering, for example, is one of the 

 best means of carrying the spores from 

 a diseased to a healthy plant. The ex- 

 periments that have been made with 

 this disease are somewhat limited, but 

 they go to show that preventive meas- 

 ures are better than attempted cures. 

 From the fact that the carnation is 

 largely an indoor plant and propagated 

 by cuttings, it goes without saying that 

 the stock should be healthy from 

 which cuttings are taken, and no rust- 

 ed plants should be introduced into a 

 house previously free fro n rust. One 

 rusted plant under the circumstances 

 of greenhouse growth may be ample 

 to inoculate a whole bed, and this ac- 

 counts for the sudden outbreak of the 

 rust in houses hundreds or thousands 

 of miles apart. Carnation growers are 

 gradually acquiring a knowledge of the 

 susceptibility of varieties and are find- 

 ing some sorts in this respect much 

 more valuable than others. 



