p6 Ji.ev'uiv of Rcchefoncaiilt's Jafl^ 



what deeper tilled. It Is the cuftom, and confequently the general 

 opinion, that the ground mud: not be ploughed deeper than four or 

 t'u'e incl)es. I have convcrfed with Mr Evans on this fiibje6l, who 

 could not help allowing that the above opinion is erroneous. He 

 was entirely of my way of thinking ; but it is the cuftom, and that 

 has more weight than tlic cleared reafonlng. Newly cleared land 

 fometimes produces better crops, after the fecond and the third 

 year's tillage, than at the firft ; and this generally happens when 

 the ground has been cleared with fiifficient care. The ''ufual pro- 

 duce of this land is ten bufhels of wheat, twenty of rye, twenty of 

 barley, forty of oats, and eighty of Indian corn. This diftrift has 

 not fuffered from certain infeft*, called lice, which occafion fome- 

 times confiderable mifchief to the crops ; nor had the Heffian fly 

 much damaged the corn here. The ploughfhare is of iron ; it has 

 but one broad fide, bent toward the right. It is ill contrived, and 

 turns up the ground very imperfectly. Two horfes are able to 

 draw the plough in a pretty ftrong foil. The work, of the farm is 

 performed by five men, fix horfes, and twelve oxen. Mr Evans's 

 wife and children manage the bufinefs of the houfe, of a pretty con- 

 fiderable dairy, and of the poultry-yard, which is much better (lock- 

 ed with fowls than American farms ufually are. The butter, which 

 is not coufumed in the houfe, is fent in Winter to Philadelphia ; 

 but In Summer, they make good cheefe, which is fold for tenpence 

 a pound. The corn is either fold in Philadelphia or Reading. Mr 

 Evans fattens fome oxen ; but their number does not exceed eighteen, 

 though he pofTefTes feventy acres of meadow land : thefe oxen, to- 

 jrether with his twelve eows and fix horfes, confume almoll all his 

 hay, for he fells very little. He keeps it in barns, and fometimes 

 in (lacks made after the Engli(h manner, but fo very badly, that 

 they generally tumble down. Every acre of meadow, if mowed 

 twice a year, yields from three to four tons of hay ; and the price 

 of this article was, lad year, fourteen dollars a ton. ' 



The great and valuable fettlement in GenifTee, ftate of 'MzU 

 facliufets, under the management of Captain Williamfon, is 

 amply dcfcribed. The Captahi appears pofTefled of eminent 

 talents for rearing up an infant fettlement, and rapidly bring- 

 ing a wafte country into an improved condition. Great pro- 

 grefs is already made in this extenfive undertaking ; and we 

 obferve Math pleafure, that the fpeculation (for a fpeculation 

 it certainly v/as at lirfl) will turn out advantageous to thofe 

 concerned. 



After examining the iettlements betwixt the old cultivated 

 lands and the lakes, the Duke proceeded from Niagara to the 

 province of Upper Canada ; the prefent ftate of wliich is fully 

 dcfcribed, and fome ipeculations hazarded upon its future con- 

 dition. 



