58 THE GARDENER. [Feb. 



a painter's brush. Second, four parts pitch, four of resin, two bees' 

 wax, one of hogs' lard, and one of turpentine, melted and well mixed, 

 and spread upon paper, which may be cut into strips before being 

 applied. Du Breuil used two parts Burgundy pitch, two parts black 

 pitch, one part yellow wax, one part tallow, and one part sifted ashes ; 

 while Mr Downing made his wax of three parts bees' wax, three of 

 rosin, and two of tallow ; while he says the wax in general use in 

 America is composed of equal parts of these three ingredients, and 

 sometimes with a preponderance of tallow. One or other of these 

 compositions being ready, let the operator provide himself with a 

 good sharp knife and a quantity of good soft matting to tie the graft 

 and stock together. Let him then proceed to cut over the Quince in 

 a slanting direction, within 2 or 3 inches of the ground, at the same 

 time endeavouring to obtain a bud at the top of the cut made upon 

 the stock. The object we have in view in thus endeavouring to have 

 a bud at the top of the stock, is to induce an upward flow of sap to- 

 wards the scion, which will have a tendency to hasten the period of 

 adhesion by the formation of granular: and woody matter. If a 

 union is formed without this top bud, a considerable part of the upper 

 portion of the stock will, in all probability, perish — that is to say, it 

 will die back to a parallel line with the under bud of the scion. Let 

 a slice now be cut longitudinally, of about 2 inches in length from the 

 stock, entering gradually from the bottom until it reaches beyond one 

 fourth of the diameter at the top, on the opposite side from the bud. 

 It is better that such a cut be made in one pull, as it will therefore 

 have a smoother and more even surface than if done by repeated cuts. 

 Next proceed to make a cut downwards for receiving the tongue of 

 the graft. Enter the knife about half an inch from the top, making 

 an incision in a slightly oblique direction towards the opposite side of 

 the stock, until it is about three quarters of an inch in depth. This 

 finished, take the scion, cut it also longitudinally right through from 

 one side to the other in a slanting direction, so that a cut surface of 

 2 inches in length is left ; thereafter, form the tongue by entering 

 the knife about three quarters of an inch from the bottom, making an 

 incision to the depth of three quarters of an inch, which shall nearly 

 fit into the one made upon the stock ; next cut over the scion, 

 leaving two or three buds above the place of union. Proceed now to 

 enter the one into the other, pushing the scion down until the bottom 

 of it reaches the bottom of the cut upon the stock. As is generally 

 the case, the scion will not be large enough to cover the whole of the 

 wound upon the stock, therefore be careful to get the outer bark of 

 the stock and the outer bark of the scion to join neatly together on 

 one side. Being satisfied that all these things are attended to, take a 



