132 THE GARDENER. [March 



bright blue flower, somewhat recurved on its stalk. The leaves are 

 bluntly oval on short stalks. Flowers in June and July. Native of 

 south-eastern Germany, on mountain-pastures. Suitable for rockwork, 

 or for the open border in light, rich, well-drained soil. 



C. Aljyini, an erect species, about 1 foot high, each stem bearing a 

 pyramidal panicle of showy blue flowers, which appear in June and 

 July. Native of Italy and the east of Germany. 



C. latifolia is a fine stately sort, of erect habit, with simple stems, 

 which, in rich soil, reach the height of 5 feet, and are terminated by 

 a long leafy raceme of purple flowers, appearing in July and August. 

 This species is invaluable for planting in woods. It reaches its great- 

 est magnitude and beauty in rich loam, but makes a fine display in 

 poor, shallow, and even dry soil, if partially shaded by trees overhead. 

 There is a dull white-flowered variety, which forms a good contrast to 

 the purple one. Native of woods in the north of England and south 

 of Scotland, and is widely spread over northern Europe and western 

 Asia. 



C. rapunculoides grows to the height of about 3|- feet in cultiva- 

 tion, with simple erect stems, terminating in graceful leafy racemes of 

 dark-blue flowers in June and July. One of the most showy of the 

 family, the inflorescence being of great length — often 1^ foot. It 

 is very suitable for planting in woods and other semi-wild places. It 

 is striking also in the mixed border, but rather troublesome, and 

 encroaching by means of its creeping underground stems. Native 

 of woods in Britain, Europe generally, and western Asia. 



C. trachelium is a tall handsome species, with erect stems 3 or 4 

 feet high, and large violet flowers, arranged in terminal leafy racemes, 

 which appear in July and August. In the early stages of growth it 

 resembles the common Nettle, having large coarsely-toothed leaves of 

 the same form. Its geograjjhical distribution is nearly the same as 

 that of C. latifolia, and it is found inhabiting similar places, and may 

 be used for the same purposes. There are three varieties, showy and 

 desirable — the double blue, double white, and single white. 



C. i^Grsicifulia, one of the handsomest, and at the same time one of 

 the most common, species. It reaches the height of 2 or 3 feet, the 

 large broadly -campanulate blue flowers being arranged in a close 

 raceme along the greater part of the stems. It begins flowering in 

 June, and lasts on till September. There are five or six varieties, all 

 very beautiful : grandis, flore pleno, alba, and alba flore pleno. The 

 species, along with its varieties, should be more extensively cultivated 

 than they are. There are very few more showy hardy herbaceous plants. 



0. Garpatica is of dwarf growth, throwing up its bright blue, 

 broadly-campanulate, erect flowers to the height of about 9 inches or 



