ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 71 



Kespiration and assimilation in ruminants, X. Zuntz, R. von dee Heide, 

 Klein, et al. (Landiv. Vers. Stat., 119-80 {1913), jrp. 781-SU, fig. 1). — This out- 

 lines methods for the study of the respiration and assimilation processes in the 

 ruminant, giving a description of the respiration apparatus used. 



Importance of calcium and phosphoric acid in the animal organism. — II, 

 Value of the principal phosphorus compounds to the ruminant, G. Fingek- 

 LiNG (Landiv. Vers. Stat., 79-SO (1913), irp. S47--S70).— Results of experiments 

 in the feeding of casein, phytin, lecithin, nuclein, sodium nucleinate, and di- 

 sodium phosphate in rations to goats indicated that a comparatively large per- 

 centage of the P2O5 in these phosphorus-containing materials was retained by 

 the animal body. 



Calculation of market value of feeding stuffs, T. Pfeiffer (Landiv. Vers. 

 Stat., 79-80 (1913), pp. 279-321) .—Basing his calculations on the manurial 

 value of the nitrogen, potash, and phosphoric acid contained in feeding stuffs, 

 the digestible protein, end Kellner's starch values, the author estimates the 

 actual value of various feeding stuffs as determined by local prices. 



Method of estimating the market value of feeding stuffs on tlie Kellne- 

 basis, H. Neubauer (Landw. Vers. Stat., 79-80 (1913), pp. 465-490, fig. 1). — 

 Taking the local prices for a number of feeding stuffs, the author calculates the 

 fictual market value per kilogram of starch and of digestible protein. A gradu- 

 ated scale is then proposed for estimating the value of feeds, based on fluctuat- 

 ing market prices. 



Composition and digestibility of the chloroform extract of hays and 

 fodders, G. S. Fraps and J. B. Rather (Texas Sta. Bid. 162 (1913), pp. 5-20).— 

 These studies have been previously reported from another source (E. S. R., 28, 

 p. 69), and continue earlier work (E. S. R., 28, p. 108). The composition and 

 average digestibility of the constituents of chloroform extract of the following 

 hays and fodders are given : Alfalfa hay, Bermuda hay, buffalo grass hay, bur 

 clover, corn shucks, Guam grass, Johnson grass, Johnson grass hay, Kafir corn 

 fodder, millet, oat hay. Para grass hay, peanut hay, rice straw (Japan), rice 

 straw (Honduras), sorghum hay, and vetch hay. - 



Preliminary investigation into the variation in the physical composition 

 of wheat milling offals, H. T. Cranfield (Jour. Agr. Sci. [England], 6 (1914), 

 No. 1, pp. 102-110). — With a view to obtaining a definite classification of wheat 

 milling offals, a study was made of the appearance, physical composition, siev- 

 ing, apparent density, proportion of flour, and purity of a large number of 

 samples ranging in grade from fine middlings to coarse bran. 



The samples were graded into 10 classes by their appearance. The percentage 

 of moisture varied in different samples, ranging from 16.21 to 11.37, but is not 

 regarded as a factor to be considered in this classification. The germ content 

 of the offals was small ?nd was also of little importance. The husk and flour 

 constituents were found to be the most important items in solving the problems 

 of grading. The separation of the flour from the husk by sieving was found to 

 be impracticable. 



The following method was evolved for determining the densities of husk and 

 flour, and gave figures showing quite a large variation between the finest and 

 coarsest offals: "About 20 gm. of the offal was dried in a steam oven at 100° C. 

 for 5 hours (this was found to be ample time for completely drying the sub- 

 stance). After cooling in a desiccator 15 gm. was quickly weighed out and 

 transferred to a 100 cc. graduated cylinder, the cylinder being gently tapped 

 while the offal was sifted in. The cylinder was then jolted on a wooden slab 

 luitil the contents had leached approximately a constant volume. Finally a 

 100-gm. lead weight (made to fit the cylinder exactly, and having a stout rubber 

 48450°— No. 1—14 6 



