72 



EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



washer glued to the bottom) was gently lowered on to the surface of the offal 

 in the cylinder, and the tapping continued until the volume was constant. The 

 whole test occupied not more than 4 minutes." 



With normal samples the method gave results agreeing fairly well with the 

 classification according to appearance. It is assumed that the apparent density 

 figure varies directly as the percentages of flour and husk and the fineness of 

 these two fractions. The proportion of flour in the sample was determined by 

 estimating the percentage of starch in the substance and multiplying this by a 

 factor. The washings from a sample of the offal were centrifuged, the deposit 

 of starch washed with alcohol, dried, and weighed, and the percentage of crude 

 starch calculated. Fine offals contained protein matter ranging from 2.3 to 3.8 

 per cent, and coarse offals approximately 13.5 per cent. The crude starch per- 

 centage ranged from approximately 45 in the first group to 15 per cent in the 

 tenth group. 



A purity test showed the principal impurities to be weed seeds and oat husk. 

 It is believed that these and other impurities should be excluded from commer- 

 cial products so far as possible. It is recommended that a series of determina- 

 tions, consisting of percentage of moisture, apparent density, percentage of 

 starch, and purity be agreed upon ; that a series of grades of offals be arranged 

 with stated limits for percentage of starch and apparent density; that limits 

 be set for all offals as regards percentage of moisture and purity; that local 

 names be dropped as far as possible and such names as " fourths," " thirds," 

 " seconds," " bran," and " broad bran " be utilized for the standard grades ; and 

 that millers be asked to cooperate in some definite scheme for bringing all wheat 

 offals within the range of a system of standardization such as suggested here. 



The making and feeding of silage, T. E. Woodwabd et ai-. ( JJ. 8. Dept. Agr., 

 Farmers' Bui. 578 (1914), pp- 24, figs. 6). — This is a revision of and supersedes 

 Farmers' Bulletin 556 (E. S. R., 29, p. 869). 



Silos and ensilage, W. R. Dodson and C. H. Staples {Louisiaiva, Stas. Bui. 

 IJfS (191.'i), pp. 20, figs. 15). — This bulletin contains general information on silo 

 construction, silage crops, and rations containing silage. 



Composition and value of grapevines as feed material, M. Kling (Landtc. 

 Vers. Stat., 79-80 {1913), pp. 737-77i).— In this article numerous experiments 

 are cited showing the value of grapevines as feed material for milch cattle and 

 sheep. 



The average composition of various portions of the vine is reported as 

 follows : 



Composition of grapevines. 



The digestibility of the foliage was found to be protein 59 per cent, fat 79, 

 nitrogen-free extract 65, fiber 38 ; and for the woody material, 15, 88, 42, and 19 

 per cent, respectively. The ash of the foliage was found to contain phosphoric 

 acid 11.66 per cent, calcium 32.04, and potassium 18.61; the woody material, 

 31.99, 19.77, and 34.04 per cent, respectively; and the entire vine, 11.56, 29.91 

 and 21,45 per cent, respectively. 



A bibliography of 27 references is appended. 



