140 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOED. 



HORTICULTURE. 



Commercial gardening, edited by J. Weathers (London, 1913, vols. 1, pp, 

 XII-\-239, pis. 17, figs. 119; 2, pp. XIl+235, pis. 16, figs. 138; 3, pp. XII+2JfO, 

 j)ls. 16, figs. 90; Jf, pp. Xn+2U, pis. 17, figs. 121t).—X practical and scientific 

 treatise for market gardeners; fruit, flower, and vegetable growers; nursery- 

 men; etc., prepared by many practical specialists and dealing primarily with 

 conditions in Great Britain. 



In volume 1 consideration is given to the general aspects of commercial gar- 

 dening; the science of plant growing; methods of propagation; the science of 

 the soil ; manures and manuring ; insect pests ; garden friends ; fungus diseases ; 

 fungicides and insecticides; glasshouse building; and heating apparatus. 

 Volume 2 contains horticultural descriptions and cultural details with reference 

 to hardy and half hardy herbaceous plants, bulbs, and flowers ; stove and green- 

 house plants and flowers; and ferns. Volume 3 discusses commercial fruit 

 growing in general; fruit growing in Worcestershire, Scotland, and Ireland; 

 diseases of fruit caused by fungi, etc.; and grading and packing fruit. Con- 

 sideration is then given to the various pip fruits, stone fruits, small fruits, figs, 

 grapes, nuts, and melons with reference to varieties, culture, and care. The 

 concluding sections of this volume discuss garden surveying, leveling, and men- 

 tsuration ; and market garden accounts. Volume 4 deals with trees, shrubs, and 

 woody climbers; conifers and taxads; vegetable growing for market; sweet 

 herbs and small salads ; and French gardening or intensive cultivation. 



The effect of an increased amount of carbonic acid in the air on green 

 plants, IL FiscHEE (J-ahresber. Ver. Angeic. Bot., 11 (1913), No. 1, pp. 1-8). — 

 This paper summarizes the author's investigations, previously noted (E. S. R., 

 28, p. 837). 



Experiments with udo, the new Japanese vegetable, D. Faiechild (U. 8. 

 Dept. Agr. Bui. 8^ (1914), PP- ^•5. figs- 12). — The author here reports experi- 

 ments conducted since 1906 with udo (Aralia cordata), a Japanese vegetable 

 valued for its blanched shoots. Information is given relative to methods of 

 cultivation, preparing, and cooking. Other phases discussed include early ex- 

 periments with udo, relatives, varieties, climatic requirements, and diseases 

 of udo. 



Udo is said to be adapted to New England, the Atlantic States as far south 

 as the Carolinas, the rainy region of Puget Sound, and the trucking sections 

 of California about Sacramento. Although the plant has not thus far assumed 

 commercial importance it is believed that it is now sufficiently well-known to 

 test out its economic value, as compared with such plants as celery, asparagus, 

 and eggplant. 



An apple chimera, W. E. Castle (Jour. Heredity, 5 (1914), No. 5, pp. 200- 

 202, figs. 3). — The author here illustrates and describes an apple in which 

 Golden Russet and Boston Stripe are combined in the same fruit. In the speci- 

 mens here illustrated the stem end of the fruit is Golden Russet and the calyx 

 end is Boston Stripe, although it is stated that the reverse of this sometimes 

 occurs. The parent stock of the tree was Boston Stripe on which Golden Russet 

 was grafted. The trees producing these apples bear only a few fruits of this 

 composition. The rest of the crop belongs entirely to one or the other of the 

 two varieties concerned. 



Pollination in orchards.— II, The flowering of pears, F. J. Chittenden 

 (Jour. Roy. Hort. Soo. [London'\, 39 (1913), No. 2, pp. 366-372).— In continua- 

 tion of a previous study relative to the blooming time of apples (E. S. R., 26, 

 p. 440), data are here given showing the varieties of pears growing in the 



