VETERINARY MEDICINE. 283 



for more than a year without deteriorating, and are still occasionally used as 

 controls in the test. Uninactivated positive and negative sera have been kept 

 in an ordinary Ice chest for 4 weeks, and undoubtedly can be kept longer under 

 these conditions without deterioration. Xaturally occurring hemolytics in a 

 berum may be detected in a test by running a hemolytic control." 



Further experiments on the biology of Johne's bacillus, F. W. Twort and 

 G. I.. Y. Ingram {Centhl. Bald, [etc.], 1. AM., Orig., 73 (lOlJ,), No. If-5, pp. 

 277-2S3). — The results obtained indicate that the animal's food may be the 

 source of the essential substance for the bacillus rather than any substance 

 metabolized by the animal itself, but there is no definite proof that this is so. 



A case of Johne's disease successfully treated, J. M'Fadyean (Jour. Compar. 

 Path, and Thcr., 27 (1D14), No. 1, pp. 76-78, figs. 2).— A Devon cow about 7 

 years old suffering from Johne's disease, which came under observation on 

 August 8, is reported to have recovered from the disease. The treatment con- 

 sisted in the daily administration from August 12 to September 30 of an ounce 

 of a preparation consisting of ferrous sulphate 5 oz., dilute sulphuric acid 5 oz., 

 and water 1 pint, in a pint of water. 



Serodiagnosis of rabies, C. A. Zell (Amer. Jour. Vet. Med., 8 (1913), No. 12, 

 pp. 6S7-6-'fO, figs. 2). — In the experiments animals were infected with street 

 virus and the serum obtained from these animals was tested according to Was- 

 sermann's technique (complement fixation reaction), using an antigen made 

 Irom the submaxillary glands. In all of the animals in which a positive reac- 

 tion was obtained, i. e., those which came to autopsy, Negri bodies were detected 

 in the brain. 



The experiments were conducted with dogs, rabbits, goats, and cats. " Nega- 

 tive reactions were obtained In the folowing controls: Normal rabbits, dog, cat, 

 dog with distemper, man." " By means of this reaction a diagnosis can be 

 made immediately, without destroying the animal, and further, a test after the 

 completion of the Pasteur treatment will determine whether or not Immune 

 bodies are present in the patient's serum whereby a greater degree of assurance 

 (an be given the patient." 



Rinderpest: Further investigations on questions connected with the eco- 

 nomical production of antiserum, J. D. E. Holmes {Mem. Dept. Agr. India, 

 Vet. Ser., 2 (1913), No. 2, pp. 33-80). — The results of some experiments obtained 

 in the laboratory of the Agiicultural Research Institute at Pusa, India, made it 

 imperative that the methods in use for immunization should be abandoned. The 

 newer methods, which have been employed during the past 2 years, have given 

 good results. 



The first experiments reported in this work dealt with the value of serum 

 prepared from bulls hyperimmunized by injections of blood from hill bulls 

 during the progress of a modified attack of rinderpest produced by simultauoous 

 injections of serum and virus. The data show that it is possible to modify the 

 attack of rinderpest in these animals by an injection of serum without destroy- 

 ing the value of their blood as an antigen and without sacrificing the animals. 



In studying the value of the serum obtained after a natural recovery or after 

 an immunizing reaction only, it is pointed out that the serum is little inferior 

 in potency to that taken after the process of hyperimmunization. Successive 

 bleeding of plains bulls, hill bulls, and buffaloes brought out the fact that the 

 potency of the serum decreases more rapidly in the plains bulls than in the 

 other animals mentioned. The first and second bleeding of all three kinds of 

 i)ulls yielded a sufl^ciently potent serum to maintain the standard protective 

 dose. " The third bleeding of hill bulls and buffaloes is about the standard dose 

 and that of plains cattle is below the required potency." 



