294 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



The cooperative movemeut, G. Keen (Amer. Coop. Jour., 9 (1914), No. 5, 

 pp. 358-362). — The author points out that the weakness of the cooperative plan 

 as advocated by Robert Owen was the absence of democratic control and the 

 sense of individual responsibility by the members themselves in the initiation 

 and management of the societies, but that cooperative societies formed upon the 

 IJlan of the Rochdale system or the Cooperative Wholesale Society of England 

 have been very successful and have also helped to solve the problem of the 

 trusts. He believes that there is no force strong enough to destroy or even to 

 injure seriously the property, power, or influence of a body of intelligent people 

 who organize their own demand for the necessaries of life and proceed to satisfy 

 it by production under their own control. To be successful, however, a coopera- 

 tive movement must have an educational department to propagate knowledge 

 concerning itself. 



Manual on cooperation (N. Y. Dept. Agr. Circ. 94 (1914), PP- S3). — Included 

 in this circular are the following articles: A Primer of Cooperation, by M. W. 

 Cole ; The Citizens' Cooperative Supply Company, Schenectady, by J. C. Belling- 

 ham ; One Cooperative Success, by L. C. Tuckerman ; The Extent to which 

 Cooperation in Europe is Adaptable to American Conditions, by F. H. Allen 

 and C. C. Mitchell; and Coopei*ative Buying by Consumers, by E. P. Harris. 

 In addition there is a model form of by-laws for cooperative societies. 



" Grand View," a rural experiment in medical cooperation, W. H. Brown 

 {Survey, 31 (1914), No. 26, pp. 797, 798, fig. J).— The author describes the 

 methods used to establish a hospital in the rural districts of Bucks County, 

 Pennsylvania. This hospital is so organized that any reputable physician can 

 take his patient to it and give him treatment. The nurses are recruited from 

 the rural districts, and after a year's experience in the hospital are sent out 

 to nurse cases under the supervision of the hospital. By means of this scheme 

 it is hoped that the whole countryside will be given the benefit of the best in 

 medical science. 



A social survey for rural communities, G. F. Wells {New York, 1911, 

 pp. 23). — The author outlines a scheme for making a social survey and gives a 

 list of 225 items to be included in the que.stionnaire. 



Our recent immigrants as farmers, L. Steinee {Amer. Rev. of Reviews, 49 

 {1914), No. 3, pp. 342-345). — The author shows that most of the immigrants 

 coming to the United States come with the expectation to save enough money 

 from their earnings to return to their native country to buy land. He advo- 

 cates that an organization be formed to encourage, assist, and direct qualified 

 immigrants to purchase and cultivate farms in the United States instead of 

 migrating to foreign countries to engage in agriculture. 



The German-American farmer, J. OcH {Der Deutschamerikanische Farmer, 

 Columbus, Ohio, 1913, pp. XIX-\-248, pi. 1). — The author discusses the migration 

 of Germans to the United States, the coincidence of the spread of grain pro- 

 duction to the North Central States with the coming of the Germans, the 

 relation of the first and second generation of Germans to agriculture, and the 

 influence of the Germans upon our social and economic institutions. The book 

 also contains a bibliography and a considerable number of statistical tables. 



The question of agricultural population, A. D. Weeks {Pop. Sci. Mo., 84 

 {1914), No. 3, pp. 251-256). — ^Among the conclusions reached by the author is 

 that the number of persons engaged in an occupation bears a very close rela- 

 tion to the economic attractions offered. The steady and rapid drift of the 

 agricultural population to the cities implies the economic dominance of the 

 occupations of the city. W^ith an increase of purchasing power the prosperous 

 coiisumer wants but little if any more of the direct farm products while his 

 desire for other values increases. It is deemed unreasonable to urge a larger 



