HORTICULTURE. 337 



A selected list of hardy fruits, W. Wilks and G. Bunyard (London: Roy. 

 Hort. Sac, 191^, pp. 20). — This comprises a selected list of orchard and small 

 fruits for various sections of Great Britain, together with notes on cultivation 

 and planting. 



Promising- new fruits, W. A. Taylor and H. P. Gould {U. S. Dcpt. Agr. 

 Yearbook 1913, pp. 109-12J^. pis. 8). — In continuation of similar articles (E. S. 

 R., 29, p. 436) historical notes with descriptions and color plates are given 

 of the following new or little-known fruits which are believed to possess valu- 

 able characteristics which render them worthy of the attention of gruit grow- 

 ers: Banana, McCroskey, and Opalescent apples ; Lizzie peach; Flowers and 

 James grapes ; Triumph persimmon ; and Lue orange. The Boone chestnut is 

 also described. 



New or noteworthy fruits, II, U. P. Hedrick (New York State Sta. Bui. 

 385 (191-'f}, pp. 303-313, pis. 4). — lu continuation of a previous bulletin (E. S. 

 R., 29, p. 838) the author describes some of the best recent fruit introductions 

 as tested on the station grounds. These include King David apple, Edgemont 

 peach, Abbesse d'Oignies cherry, French plum, Hicks grape, Chautauqua goose- 

 berry, Chautauqua currant, and Indiana and Barrymore strawberries. Each 

 variety is considered with reference to its historj'. important characteristics, 

 and economic value. 



Pollination in orchards. — III, Self-fruitfulness and self -sterility in apples, 

 F. J. CiiiTTENDKN (Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. [London], 39 (1914), ^o. 3, pp. 615- 

 628). — In continuation of a previous investigation (E. S. R., 31, p. 140), the 

 author here presents the results of some experiments conducted at Wisley dur- 

 ing the past few years. 



About 5.000 clusters of flowers were bagged during the 3-year period 1911- 

 1913. Data are given for each variety showing for the different seasons the 

 relative amount of bloom and fruitfulness of the tree, number of fruits set in 

 bags, and number of fruits harvested. 



The results as a whole indicate that some varieties can form fruit without 

 the aid of foreign pollen, whereas most of them appear to be sterile with their 

 own pollen. Attention is called to the fact that there are many other causes 

 of unfruitfulness in addition to lack of eflicient iX)llination. Further ex- 

 periments are to be conducted in an orchard house with the object of eliminating 

 some of these disturbing factors. For cases in which apples are formed with- 

 out the development of the seed, the author proposes the name " self-fruitful," 

 restricting the term " self-fertile " to those cases where seed is produced. 



A comparison of tillag-e and sod mulch in an apple orchard, U. P. Hedrick 

 (New York State Sta. Bui. 383 (1914), pp. 2.^9-281, pTs. 6, fig. i).— This is the 

 second and final report on one of the station's 10-year tillage and sod mulch 

 experiments, the results for the first '5 seasons having been previously noted 

 (E. S. R.. 21. p. 238). 



During the first 5-year period of the experiment here described the orchard, 

 comprising 239 trees, of which 118 were in sod and 121 under tillage, was 

 divided into halves by a north and south line and during the last 5-year period 

 by an east and west line. Hence one-quarter of the orchard has been tilled 

 10 years; another has been tilled 5 years and then left in sod 5 years; the third 

 quarter has been in sod 10 years; and the fourth quarter in sod 5 years and 

 then tilled 5 years. 



The experiment is described in detail. The results as here summarized show 

 an average yield on the plat left in sod for 10 years of 69.16 bbls. per acre 

 as compared with 116.8 bbls. per acre on the plat tilled 10 years. The aver- 

 age cost per acre of growing and harvesting apples in sod was $51.73 as com- 

 pared with $83.48 under tillage. After subtracting these figures from the 



